546 



BOTANY. 



fleshy fruits, each containing fifty or more oily seeds (Figs. 511-13). 

 The seeds are roasted and then ground, and made into a paste and dried, 

 constituting the Chocolate or Cocoa of commerce, according as vanilla, 

 sugar, and other substances are, or are not added. Chocolate and Co- 

 coa contain TJieobromine (C 7 H 8 N 4 O 2 ), an alkaloid similar to Caffeine. 



Order Malvaceae. The Mallow Family. Herbs, shrubs, and trees, 

 with alternate simple leaves ; stamens indefinite, united into a tube ; 



FIGS. 514-19. ILLUSTRATIONS OF MALVACEAE (Malva sylvestris). 



FIG. 519. 



FIG. 517. 



FIG. 518. 



Fig. 514. Section of flower. Magnified. Fip. 515. Androecium. Magnified. 

 Fig. 516. Stamen. Magnified. Fig. 517. Calyx and piatil. Magnified. 



Fig. 518. Flower diagram. Fig. 519. Fruit. 



anthers one-celled. Species about 700, widely distributed, but most 

 abundant in tropical regions. (Figs. 514-19.) 



Qossypium herbaceum, the common Cotton Plant of tropical and sub- 

 tropical countries, was probably derived originally from some part of 

 India. Its culture by the East Indians and Egyptians was known 

 many centuries before the Christian era. In England the manufacture 

 and use of cotton cloth began during the latter part of the sixteenth 



