150 



GENERAL BOTANY 



FIG. 36 

 HELIOTROPIUM INDICUM, L. 



CALOTROPIS, PORTULACCA, VANILLA, HOYA, AGAVE, 



SEDUM the Wall-pepper, etc. 



coriaceous if less thick, but firm and tough like 

 leather, as the Banyan, and many trees and shrubs; 



-crustaceous if stiff and brittle as PETR.EA 

 VOLUBILIS, and KIGELIA PINNATA the sausage tree ; 



membranous or herbaceous if thin and flexible, 

 as in most herbs ; 



scarious when very thin and more or less trans- 

 parent, not green and applicable rather to scales and 

 stipules, as the scales (glumes and paleae) which 

 enclose the flower of grasses. 



Some leaves are quite smooth, others have hair- 

 like outgrowths, which give the surface a peculiar 



