306 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY 



only, others again with both, (polygamous). Fruit a 

 berry with woody rind, but edible pulp. 



JEGLE MARMELOS, Corr., the Bael tree, is also 

 common and widely cultivated. Here also are strong 

 straight spines, compound (three-foliate) leaves, with 

 scented oil glands. 



Flowers an inch or more in diameter, with small 

 five lobed calyx, five petals, numerous stamens, short 

 filaments and of large anthers. Ovary on a small disc, 

 with several cells, a short style and large stigma. Fruit 

 a berry with hard woody rind the Bael fruit. 



CHARACTERS OF THE RUTACE^E 



Comparing these three plants, we see that they have 

 in common, a spiny tendency and alternate compound 

 exstipulate leaves, which abound in oil glands, and 

 are in consequence strongly scented. The flowers are 

 in cymes or cymose panicles (not in spikes or racemes), 

 have a small five (or four) lobed calyx, five free petals, 

 ten or more stamens, a disc inside the stamens and an 

 ovary of several, sometimes very many, chambers, 

 with one style and stigma. Fruit a berry. Their 

 classification into one family, the RUTACE^E, is easily 

 understood, and they are very typical members of it. 



It is not a large family, but is almost confined to the 

 tropical and subtropical parts of the world, and very 

 common there. There are few herbs, most are trees 

 and shrubs, with strongly scented simple or compound, 

 alternate or opposite scented leaves. The fruit may 

 be a berry or capsule or in a few instances is a drupe. 



In gardens, especially on the hills, the common 

 Rue, RUTA GRAVEOLENS, L., is cultivated, and is well- 



