64 CRUCIFEILE. (MUSTARD FAMILY.) 



pods not torulose, oblong to linear (6-15" long); style short. S. Ind. to 

 Tenn. and Mo. . 



2. Ii. toruldsa, Gray. Similar, but pods torulose even when young, 

 linear ; style 1 - 2" long ; seeds acutely margined rather than winged ; petals 

 emarginate. Parrens of Ky. and Tenn. 



3. DENTARIA, Tourn. TOOTHWORT. PEPPER-ROOT. 



Pod lanceolate, flat, as in Cardamine. Style elongated. Seeds in one row, 

 wingless, the stalks broad and flat. Cotyledons petioled, thick and very une- 

 qual, their margins somewhat infolding each other. Perennials, of damp 

 woodlands, with long, horizontal, fleshy, sometimes interrupted, scaly or 

 toothed rootstocks, of a pleasant pungent taste ; the simple stems leafless be- 

 low, bearing 2 or 3 petioled compound leaves about or above the middle, and 

 terminated by a single corymb or short raceme of large white or purple flow- 

 ers. Flowers larger, pods broader, and seeds larger than is usual in Carda- 

 mine. (Name from dens, a tooth.) 



# Rootstock elongated ; leaves 3-foliolate. 



1. D. diph^lla, L. Rootstock long and continuous, often branched, 

 toothed; stem-leaves 2, similar to the radical ones, close together; leaflets 

 rhombic-ovate or oblong-ovate, shortly petiolate, coarsely crenate, the teeth 

 abruptly acute ; petals white. Rich woods, Maine to Minn, and Ky. May. 

 Rootstocks 5-10' long, crisp, tasting like Water-Cress. 



# # Rootstock tuberous, more or less moniliform ; leaves 3-foliolate or 3-parted. 



2. D. laciniata, Muhl. Tubers deep-seated, usually not jointed nor 

 prominently tubercled ; root-leaves often none ; stem-leaves 3-parted, the lat- 

 eral segments often 2-lobed, all broadly oblong to linear, more or less gash- 

 toothed ; flowers white or rose-color. N. Eng. to Minn., Kan., and southward. 

 April, May. Var. MULT^FIDA, a slender form with the narrowly linear seg- 

 ments usually more or less divided into linear lobes. (D. multifida, Muhl.) 

 Southward, scarcely if at all within our limits. 



3. D. heteroph^lla, Nutt. Tubers near the surface, jointed, narrowly 

 oblong or thick-clavate, prominently tuberelerl ; leaves 3-foliolate, the leaflets 

 distinctly petiolate, oblong-lanceolate to linear, entire to rather deeply crenate, 

 rarely laciniate or lobed ; root-leaves with ovate or lanceolate and usually lobed 

 leaflets. Penn. to Ky. and southward. Blooming a little later than the last. 



4. D. maxima, Nutt. Tubers jointed, strongly tubercled; stem-leaver 

 usually alternate, 3-foliolate ; leaflets ovate or oblong-ovate, coarsely toothec 

 and somewhat cleft or lobed. Vt. to western N. Y. and Penn. May. 



4. CARDAMINE, Tourn. BITTER CRESS. 



Pod linear, flattened, usually opening elastically from the base ; the valves 

 nerveless and veinless, or nearly so ; placentas and partition thick. Seeds in 

 a single row in each cell, wingless ; their stalks slender. Cotyledons accum- 

 bent, flattened, equal or nearly so, petiolate. Mostly glabrous perennials, 

 leafy-stemmed, growing along watercourses and in wet places. Flowers 

 white or purple. (A Greek name, in Dioscorides, for some cress, from its 

 cordial or carcliacal qualities.) 



