CAPRIFQLIACE.E. ("HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY.) 217 



1 . A. Moschat&lina, L. Smooth, musk-scented ; radical leaves 1-3- 

 ternate, the cauline 3-cleft or 3-parted ; leaflets obovate, 3-cleft ; flowers several 

 in a close cluster on a slender peduncle, greenish or yellowish. N. Iowa, 

 Wise., and Minn., and northward. (Eu., Asia.) 



2. SAMBUCUS, Tourn. ELDER. 



Calyx-lobes minute or obsolete. Corolla open urn-shaped, with a broadly 

 spreading 5-cleft limb. Stamens 5. Stigmas 3. Fruit a berry-like juicy 

 drupe, containing 3 small seed-like nutlets. Shrubby plants, with a rank 

 smell when bruised, pinnate leaves, serrate-pointed leaflets, and numerous 

 small and white flowers in compound cymes. (The Latin name, perhaps from 

 o-a/iifivKi), an ancient musical instrument.) 



1. S. Canad6nsis, L. (COMMON ELDER.) Stems scarcely woody (5- 

 10 high); leaflets 5-11, oblong, mostly smooth, the lower often 3-parted; 

 cymes flat ; fruit black-purple. Rich soil, in open places, throughout our 

 range, and south and west. June, July. Pith white. 



2. S. racemdsa, L. (RED-BERRIED ELDER.) Stems woody (2-12 

 high), the bark warty; leaflets 5-7, ovate-lanceolate, downy underneath ; cymes 

 panicled, convex or pyramidal ; fr ait bright red (rarely white). (S. pubens, 

 Michx.} Rocky woods, N. Scotia to Ga., and westward across the continent. 

 May ; the fruit ripening in June. Pith brown. Both species occur with the 

 leaflets divided into 3-5 linear-lanceolate 2 - 3-cleft or laciniate segments. 



3. VIBURNUM, L. ARROW-WOOD. LAURESTINUS. 



Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla spreading, deeply 5-lobed. Stamens 5. Stigmas 

 1-3. Fruit a 1 -celled, 1 -seeded drupe, with soft pulp and a thin-crustaceous 

 (flattened or tumid) stone. Shrubs, with simple leaves, and white flowers in 

 flat compound cymes. Petioles sometimes bearing little appendages which are 

 evidently stipules. Leaf-buds naked, or with a pair of scales. (The classical 

 Latin name, of unknown meaning.) 



1. Cyme radiant, the marginal flowers neutral, with greatly enlarged flat co- 

 rollas as in Hydrangea; drupes coral-red turning darker, not acid; stone 

 sulcate ; leaves pinnately veined ; winter-buds naked. 



1. V. lantanoides, Michx. (HOBBLE-BUSH. AMERICAN WAYFARING- 

 TREE.) Leaves (4-8' across) round-ovate, abruptly pointed, heart-shaped at 

 the base, closely serrate, the veins and veinlets beneath with the stalks and 

 branchlets very rusty-scurfy ; cymes sessile, very broad and flat. Cold moist 

 woods, N. Brunswick to Ont. and Penn., and in the mountains to N. C. May. 

 A straggling shrub ; the reclining branches often taking root. 



2. Cyme peduncled, radiant in n. 2 ; drupe light red, acid, globose ; stone 

 very flat, orbicular, not sulcate; leaves palmately veined; winter-buds scaly. 



2. V. Opulus, L. (CRANBERRY-TREE.) Nearly smooth, upright (4-10 

 high) ; leaves 3-5-ribbed, strongly 3-lobed, broadly wedge-shaped or truncate 

 at base, the spreading lobes pointed, mostly toothed on the sides, entire in the 

 sinuses ; petioles bearing 2 glands at the apex. Low ground, along streams, 

 from N. Brunswick far westward, and south to Penn. June, July. The acid 

 fruit is a substitute for cranberries, whence the names High Cranberry -bush. 



