278 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



1. Annuals; leaves mostly alternate, petiolate ; receptacle flat ; disk brownish- 



1. H. animus, L. (COMMON SUNFLOWER.) Tall, rough; leaves triple- 

 ribbed, ovate or the lower cordate, serrate ; involucral scales broadly ovate to 

 oblong, long-pointed, ciliate; disk usually V broad or more. Minn, to Tex., 

 and westward ; long cultivated, and occasionally found in waste grounds. 



2. H. petiol&ris, Nutt. More slender, 1-3 high; leaves oblong- or 

 ovate-lanceolate, smaller (1 -3' long), mostly entire; scales lanceolate or ob- 

 long-lanceolate, seldom ciliate ; disk ' broad or more. Minn, to Tex., and 

 westward. 



2. Perennials; receptacle convex or at length low-conical; lower leaves usually 



opposite. 



* Involucral scales loose y becoming squarrose, narrowly lanceolate, pointed (' 



long) ; disk usually purple or brownish ; leaves linear, l-nerved. 



3. H. orgylis, DC. Stem glabrous, tall, very leafy ; leaves mostly al- 

 ternate, linear to filiform and entire, or the lowest lanceolate and serrulate ; 

 scales filiform-attenuate. Dry plains, Mo. to Neb., south and westward. 



4. H. angUStifblius, L. Stem slender (2-6 high), usually scabrous; 

 leaves long and linear, sessile, entire, with revolute margins ; heads loosely 

 corymbed, long-peduncled ; scales acute or pointed. Low pine barrens, N. J. 

 to Ky., and southward. 



* # Involucral scales closer, more imbricated, short, unequal and not fohaceous ; 



leaves lanceolate to ovate, mostly opposite and 3-nerved. 

 *- Disk dark. 



5. H. atrdrubens, L. Rough-hairy; stem slender (2-4 high), smooth 

 and naked and forking above ; leaves thinnish, ovate or oval to oblong -lanceolate, 

 or the lowest heart-shaped (3- 6' long), serrate, abruptly contracted into a 

 margined petiole ; heads small, corymbed ; scales ovate, obtuse, ciliolate, ap- 

 pressed ; rays 10 - 16 ; pappus of 2 fringed scales. Dry soil, Va. to Ark., and 

 southward. 



6. H. rigidus, Desf . Stem stout (2 - 6 high or more), simple or spar- 

 ingly branched, rough ; leaves very thick and rigid, rough both sides, oblong-lan- 

 ceolate, usually pointed at both ends, nearly sessile, entire or serrate, the lowest 

 oval ; heads nearly solitary, pretty large ; scales ovate or oblong, obtuse, or 

 mostly acute, ciliate, appressed ; rays 20-25 , pappus of 2 large and often sev 

 eral small scales. Dry prairies, Mich, to 111., and westward. 



- -i- Disk yellow. 



7 H. l8Btifl6rus, Pers. Closely resembling the last; leaves rathe* 

 thinner; heads single or corymbed; scales rather fewer (in 2 or 3 rows), nar 

 rower and acute or mostly acuminate. Dry open places, Ohio to Wise, and 

 Minn., and southward. Rays showy, 1 - 2' long. 



8. H. OCCidentalis, Riddell. Somewhat hairy , stein slender, simple, 

 naked above (1-3 high, sending out runners from the base), bearing 1-5 

 small heads on long peduncles ; lowest leaves oval or lanceolate-ovate, entire or 

 obscurely serrate, roughish-pubescent beneath, abruptly contracted into long hairy 

 petioles ; the upper small and remote ; scales ovate to lanceolate, acute or pointed, 

 sometimes ciliate. Dry barrens, Ohio to Wise, and Minn., and southward. 



