298 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



pappus double, the outer of thin pointless chaffy scales, the inner of delicate 

 bristles. Small herbs, branched from the base; the leaves chiefly radical, 

 lyrate or toothed ; the small heads terminating the naked scapes or branches. 

 Flowers yellow. (Named after D. Krieg, an early German botanical collector 

 in this country.) 



1. KRIGIA proper. Achenes turbinate, 5-angled ; pappus of 5-7 short 

 roundish chaff and as many alternating bristles. Annual. 



1. K. Virginica, Willd. Stems or scapes several (1 - 10' high), becom- 

 ing branched and leafy ; earlier leaves roundish and entire, the others narrower 

 and often piunatifid. New Eng. to Minn., and southward. April - Aug. 



2. CYNTHIA. Achenes more slender; pappus of 10-15 small oblong chaff 

 and 15-20 bristles. Perennial. 



2. K. Dandelion, Nutt. Roots slender, tuberiferous , scapes leafless, 

 6 - 1 8' high ; leaves varying from spatulate-oblong to linear-lanceolate, entire 

 or few-lobed. (Cynthia, DC.) Moist ground, Md. to Ky., and southward. 

 March- July. 



3. K. amplexicaulis, Nutt. Roots Jibrous; stem-leaves 1-3, oblong 

 or oval, clasping, mostly entire ; the radical ones on short winged petioles, 

 often toothed, rarely pinnatifid ; peduncles 2-5. (Cynthia Virginica, Don.) 



Moist banks, Conn, to Minn., and southward. June. Stem 1 - 2 high. 



85. CICHORIUM, Tourn. SUCCORY or CHICORY. 



Heads several-flowered. Involucre double, herbaceous, the inner of 8-10 

 scales, the outer 5, short and spreading. Achenes striate; pappus of nu- 

 merous small chaffy scales, forming a short crown. Branching perennials, 

 with deep roots; the sessile heads 2 or 3 together, axillary and terminal. 

 Flowers bright blue, varying to purple or pink, showy. (Altered from the 

 Arabian name of the plant.) 



C. INTYBUS, L. Stem-leaves oblong or lanceolate, partly clasping, the lowest 

 runcinate, those of the rigid flowering branches minute. Roadsides ; N. Eng. 

 to Iowa and Minn. July - Oct. (Nat. from Eu.) 



86. TBAGOPOGON, L. GOAT'S-BEARD. 



Heads many-flowered. Involucre simple, of several erect lanceolate attenu 

 ate equal scales. Achenes narrowly fusiform, 5-10-ribbed, long-beaked; 

 pappus of numerous long-plumose bristles. Stout glabrous biennials or per- 

 ennials, with entire grass-like clasping leaves and large solitary heads of yel- 

 low or purple flowers. (Name from rpdyos, goat t and irdywv, beard.) 



T. PORRIF6LIUS, L. (SALSIFY. OYSTER-PLANT.) Stem 2-3 high; pe- 

 duncle thickened and fistulous below the head ; flowers purple ; acheues and 

 pappus 3' long. Sparingly escaped from cultivation. (Nat. from Eu.) 



T. PRATENSIS, L. (GOAT'S-BEARD.) Very similar; leaves somewhat broader 

 at base ; peduncle little thickened ; flowers yellow. Fields, etc., N. Eng. to 

 N. J. and Minn. (Nat. from Eu.) 



87. LEONTODON, L., Juss. HAWKBIT. 



Heads many-flowered. Involucre scarcely imbricated, but with several bract 

 lets at the base. Achenes spindle-shaped, striate, all alike ; pappus persistent, 

 composed of plumose bristles which are enlarged and flattened toward the base. 



Low and stemless perennials, with toothed or pinnatifid root-leaves, and scapes 



