COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 299 



bearing one or more yellow heads. (Name from \wv, a lion, and 65ous, a tooth, 

 in allusion to the toothed leaves.) The following belongs to the subgenus 

 OpORf NIA, with a tawny pappus of a single row of equal bristles. 



L. AUTUMNALIS, L. (FALL DANDELION.) Leaves laciniate-toothcd or 

 pinuatifid, somewhat pubescent; scape branched, 5 - 1 5' high; peduncles 

 thickened at the summit, scaly-bracteate. Meadows and roadsides ; N. Eng. 

 to Penn. June - Nov. (Nat. from Eu.) 



88. PICRIS, L. 



Heads many-flowered, terminating leafy stems. Outer scales loose or spread- 

 ing. Achenes terete, with 5-10 rugose ribs ; pappus of 1 or 2 rows of plumose 

 bristles. Coarse rough-bristly annuals or biennials, with yellow flowers. (The 

 Greek name of some allied bitter herb, from viKpos, bitter J 



P. HIERACIOIDES, L. Rather tall, corymbosely branched, the bristles 

 somewhat barbed at tip; leaves lanceolate or broader, clasping, irregularly 

 toothed ; achenes oblong, with little or no beak. Sparingly introduced. 

 (Nat. from Eu.) 



89. HIERACIUM, Tourn. HAWKWEED. 



Heads 12 -many-flowered. Involucre more or less imbricated. Achenes 

 short, oblong or columnar, striate, not beaked ; pappus a single row of tawny 

 and fragile capillary rough bristles. Hispid or hirsute and often glandular 

 perennials, with entire or toothed leaves, and single or panicled heads of mostly 

 yellow flowers; summer and early autumn. (Name from iepo$, a hawk.) 



1 . Involucre not much imbricate, scarcely calyculate ; achenes oblong ; pappus 



not copious. 



H. AURANTiACUM, L. Low, long-hirsute, above hispid and glandular, the 

 involucral hairs dark ; leaves all near the base of the simple peduncle ; heads 

 clustered ; flowers deep orange to flame-color. Roadsides and fields ; N. Eng. 

 to N. Y. (Nat. from Eu.) 



H. PR.EALTUM, Vill. Glaucous, 2 high, only the base and lanceolate 

 leaves hairy ; heads in an open cyme ; flowers yellow. N. New York ( Ward). 

 (Nat. from Eu.) 



2. Heads large ; involucre irregularly imbricated ; achenes columnar ; pappus 

 copious, unequal. 



H. MUR6RUM, L. Stem scape-like, low; leaves oval or oblong, obtuse, 

 toothed toward the subcordate base ; heads few, dark-glandular. Open woods 

 near Brooklyn, N. Y. (Nat. from Eu.) 



1. H. Canadense, Michx. Stems simple, leafy, corymbed at the sum- 

 mit (1 - 3 high) ; leaves sessile, lanceolate or ovate-oblong, acute, remotely 

 and very coarsely toothed, somewhat hairy, the uppermost slightly clasping. 

 Dry woods, N. Eng. to Penn., Minn., and northward. 



3. Heads small ; involucre cylindrical, scarcely imbricated. 

 * Achenes columnar, not attenuate upward when mature; panicle not virgate. 



2. H. paniculatum, L. Stem slender, leafy, diffusely branched, 

 hairy only below (1-3 high); leaves lanceolate, acute at both ends, slightly 

 toothed, smooth ; heads (very small) in a loose panicle, on slender and diverg 

 ing pedicels, 1 2 - 20-flowered ; achenes short. Open woods; rather common. 



3. H. ven6sum, L. (RATTLESNAKE-WEED.) Stem or scape (1-2 

 high) naked or with a single leaf, smooth and slender, forking above into a spread- 



