318 ERICACEAE. (HEATH FAMILY.) 



1 . C. calyculata, Don. Leaves oblong, obtuse, flat. Bogs, Newf . to 

 Minn., and south to Ga. 



11. CASSIOPE, Don. 



Calyx without bractlets, of 4 or 5 nearly distinct ovate sepals, imbricated in 

 the bud. Corolla broadly campanulate, deeply 4-5-cleft. Stamens 8 or 10; 

 anthers fixed by the apex ; the ovoid cells each opening by a large terminal 

 pore, and bearing a long recurved awn behind. Capsule ovoid or globular, 

 4 - 5-celled, 4 - 5-valved -, the valves 2-cleft ; placentae many-seeded, pendulous 

 from the summit of the columella. Seeds smooth arid wingless. Small, 

 arctic or alpine evergreen plants, resembling Club-Mosses or Heaths. Flowers 

 solitary, nodding on slender erect peduncles, white or rose-color. (Cassiope 

 was the mother of Andromeda.) 



1. C. hypnoides, Don. Tufted and procumbent, moss-like (1 -4' high) ; 

 leaves needle-shaped, imbricated ; corolla 5-cleft ; style short and conical. 

 Alpine summits of N. New Eng. and N. Y., and high northward. 



12. CALL UN A, Salisb. HEATHER. LING. 



Calyx of 4 colored sepals. Corolla bell-shaped, 4-parted, much shorter and 

 less conspicuous than the calyx, both becoming scarious and persistent. Sta- 

 mens 8, distinct ; anthers with a pair of deflexed appendages on the back, the 

 cells opening each by a long chink. Capsule 4-celled, septicidally 4-valved. 

 Evergreen undershrub, with no scaly buds, opposite and minute leaves (mostly 

 extended at base into 2 sharp auricles), crowded and imbricated on the branches. 

 Flowers axillary, or terminating very short shoots and crowded on the branches, 

 forming close mostly one-sided spikes or spike-like racemes, rose-colored or 

 sometimes white, small, bracted by 2 or 3 pairs of leaves, the innermost of 

 which are more or less scarious. (Named from KaAAiW, to brush or sweep, 

 brooms being made of its twigs.) 



1. C. vulgaris, Salisb. Low grounds, Mass., at Tewksbury and W 

 Andover ; Maine, at Cape Elizabeth ; also N. Scotia, C. Breton, Newf., etc 

 Probably only introduced. 



Two European heaths, EnicA CINEREA and E. TETRALIX, have been found 

 in small patches on Nantucket Island. 



13. BRYANT HITS, Steller. 



Corolla urn-shaped or bell-shaped, 5-toothed or 5-cleft, deciduous. Stamens 

 1 , anthers pointless, shorter than the filaments, opening by terminal pores. 

 Capsule 5-celled, 5-valved, septicidal (as are all the succeeding), many-seeded. 

 Low alpine Heath-like evergreen undershrubs, clothed with scattered linear 

 and obtuse smooth or rough-margined leaves. Flowers usually nodding on 

 solitary or umbelled peduncles at the summit of the branches. Our species 

 belongs to Phyllodoce. (Bpvov, moss, and &vdos, flower, because growing 

 among mosses.) 



1. B. taxifdlius, Gray. Calyx pubescent; corolla oblong-urn-shaped, 

 5-toothed, purplish, smooth ; style included. (Phyllodoce taxifolia, Salisb.} 

 Alpine summits of the mountains of N. H. and Maine, and northward. July. 



