354 GENTIANACEJE. (GENTIAN FAMILY.) 



2. L. trachysp^rmum, Gray. Leaves larger (2 - 6' broad) and rounde^ 

 thicker, often wavy-margined or crenate, roughish and dark-punctate or pitted 

 oeneath; petioles stouter; seeds glandular-roughened. Ponds and streams, 

 Md. and Va. to Fla. and Tex. 



ORDER 70. POLEMONIACEJE. (POLEMONIUM FAMILY.) 



Herbs, with alternate or opposite leaves, regular 5-merous and 5-androus 

 flowers, the lobes of the corolla convolute in the bud, a 3-celled ovary and 

 3-lobed style; capsule 3-celled, 3-valved, loculicidal, few - many-seeded . 

 the valves usually breaking away from the triangular central column. 

 Seeds amphitropous, the coat frequently mucilaginous when moistened 

 and emitting spiral threads. Embryo straight in the axis of copious 

 albumen. Calyx persistent, imbricated. Corolla with a 5-parted border. 

 Anthers introrse. (Insipid and innocent plants ; many are ornamental 

 in cultivation.) 



1 Phlox* Corolla salver-form. Calyx narrow. Leaves opposite, entire. 



2. Gilia. Corolla tubular-funnel-form or salver-form. Calyx narrow, partly scarious. 



Leaves mostly alternate, entire. 

 8. Polemonium. Corolla open -bell-shaped. Calyx herbaceous, bell-shaped. Filaments 



slender, equal. Leaves alternate, pinnate or pinnately parted. 



1. PHLOX, L. 



Calyx narrow, somewhat prismatic, or plaited and angled. Corolla salver- 

 form, with a long tube. Stamens very unequally inserted in the tube of the 

 corolla, included. Capsule ovoid, with sometimes 2 ovules but ripening only 

 a single seed in each cell. Perennials (except a few southern species, such 

 as P. Drummondii of the gardens), with opposite and sessile perfectly entire 

 leaves, the floral often alternate. Flowers cymose, mostly bracted ; the open 

 clusters terminal or crowded in the upper axils. (*A6, flame, an ancient name 

 of Lychnis, transferred to this North American genus.) Most of our species 

 are cultivated in gardens. 



1. Herbaceous, with flat (broad or narrow) leaves. 



* Stem strictly erect ; panicle pyramidal or oblong, many-flowered ; peduncles 

 and pedicels very short; corolla-lobes entire. (Very common in gardens.) 



1. P. paniculata, L. Stem stout (2-4 high), smooth ; leaves oblong- 

 lanceolate and ovate-lanceolate, pointed, large, tapering at the base, the upper 

 often heart-shaped at the base ; panicle ample, pyramidal-corymbed ; calyx-teeth 

 awn-pointed; corolla pink-purple varying to white. Open woods, Penn. to 

 111., south to Fla. and La. June, July. 



2. P. maculata, L. (WILD SWEET-WILLIAM.) Smooth, or barely 

 roughish ; stem spotted with purple, rather slender (1 - 2 high) ; lower leaves 

 lanceolate, the upper nearly ovate-lanceolate, tapering to the apex from the 

 broad and rounded or somewhat heart-shaped base ; panicle narrow, oblong, 

 leafy below; calyx-teeth triangular-lanceolate, short, scarcely pointed; corolla 

 pink-purple. Rich woodlands and along streams, N. J. and N. Penn. to 

 Minn., south to Fla. and Ark. Var. CANDIDA, Michx., is a white-flowered 

 form, commonly with spotless stem. With the ordinary form. 



