366 BORRAGINACE^E. (BORAGE FAMILY.) 



exceeding the calyx, and the throat appendaged. (Roots perennial, long 

 and deep, yielding a red dye.) 



* Corolla-tube one half to twice longer than the calyx, not much longer than the 



ample limb, the lobes entire; appendages little if at all projecting. 



2. L. hirtum, Lehm. Hispid with bristly hairs (1-2 high); stem- 

 leaves lanceolate or linear, those of the flowering branches ovate-oblong, 

 bristly-ciliate ; corolla woolly-bearded at the base inside (limb 8 -12" broad); 

 flowers distinctly peduncled, crowded, showy ; fruiting calyx (%' long) 3-4 

 times longer than the nutlets. Pine barrens, etc., N. Y. to Minn., south and 

 westward. April - June. 



3. L. candscens, Lehm. (PuccoON of the Indians.) Softly hairy and 

 more or less hoary (6 -15' high); leaves obtuse, linear-oblong, or the upper 

 ovate-oblong, more or less downy beneath and roughish with close appressed 

 hairs above ; flowers sessile ; corolla naked at the base within ; fruiting calyx 

 (3" long) barely twice the length of the nutlets. Plains and open woods, in 

 sandy soil, Ont. to Va., Ala., and westward. May. 



* * Corolla-tube in well-developed flowers 2-4 times the length of the calyx and 



of its erose-toothed lobes, and the appendages conspicuous and arching ; later 

 flowers small, cleistogenous. 



4. L. angustif61ium, Michx. Erect or diffusely branched from the 

 base, 6-18' high, minutely rough-strigose and hoary; leaves linear; flowers 

 pedicelled, leafy-bracted, of two sorts; the earlier large and showy (corolla- 

 tube 8-18" long), the later and those of more diffusely branching plants, 

 with inconspicuous or small and pale corollas, without crests, and the pedicels 

 commonly recurved in fruit ; nutlets usually punctate. (L. longiflorum, 

 Spreng.; the long-flowered form. ) Dry and sterile or sandy soil, Ind. and 

 Mich, to the Dakotas and Tex., and westward. 



8. ONOSMODIUM, Michx. FALSE GROMWELL. 

 Calyx 5-parted ; the divisions linear and erect. Corolla tubular, or tubular- 

 funnel-form, not crested (the sinuses minutely hooded-inflexed), the 5 acute 

 lobes converging or barely spreading. Anthers oblong-linear or arrow- 

 shaped, mucronate, inserted in the throat. Style thread-form, much ex- 

 serted. Nutlets bony, ovoid, smooth, erect, fixed by the base; the scar 

 minute, not hollowed out. Chiefly perennial herbs, coarse and hispid, with 

 oblong and sessile ribbed-veined leaves, and white, greenish, or yellowish 

 flowers, in at length elongated and erect leafy raceme-like clusters ; in sum- 

 mer. Our species belong to true ONOSMODIUM, with smooth included anthers 

 on very short filaments ; the corolla rarely twice the length of the calyx. 

 (Named from the likeness to the genus Onosma, which name means ass-smell.) 



1. O. Virginianum, DC. Clothed all over with harsh and rigid ap- 

 pressed short bristles; stems rather slender (1-2 high); leaves narrowly 

 oblong, or oblong-lanceolate (1 - 2^' long), the lower narrowed at base ; lobes 

 of the narrow corolla lance-awl-shaped, sparingly bearded outside with long 

 bristles. Banks and hillsides, N. Eng. to Fla., Mo., and La. 



2. O. Carolinianum, DC. Shaggy all over with long and spreading 

 bristly hairs; stem stout, upright (2-4 high); leaves ovate-lanceolate or 



