LABIATE. (MINT FAMILY.) 417 



(the upper sepal) ; calyx splitting to the base at maturity, the upper lip usu- 

 ally falling away. Corolla with an elongated curved ascending tube, dilated 

 at the throat, 2-lipped ; the upper lip arched, entire or barely notched, the lat- 

 eral lobes mostly connected with the upper rather than the lower lip ; the lower 

 lobe or lip spreading and convex, notched at the apex. Stamens 4, ascending 

 under the upper lip ; anthers approximate in pairs, ciliate or bearded, those of 

 the lower stamens 1-celled (halved), of the upper 2-celled and heart-shaped. 

 Bitter perennial herbs, not aromatic, the short peduncles or pedicels chiefly 

 opposite, 1 -flowered, often 1 -sided, axillary or spiked or racemed; in summer. 

 (Name from scutella, a dish, in allusion to the appendage to the fruiting calyx.) 

 1. Nutlets wingless, mostly marginless, on a low gynobase. 



* Flowers small (3" long), in axillary and sometimes terminal l-sided racemes. 



1. S. laterifldra, L. (MAD-DOG SKULLCAP.) Smooth; stem upright, 

 much branched (1 -2 high) ; leaves lanceolate-ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed, 

 coarsely serrate, rounded at base, petioled (2-3' long), the lower floral ones 

 similar ; flowers blue, rarely white. Wet shaded places, common. 



* # Flowers larger (6-12" long) in terminal single or panicled racemes, the 



floral leaves gradually reduced to bracts. 



*- Stem-leaves all cordate, crenate-toothed , slender-petioled ; lateral lobes of 

 the corolla almost equalling the short upper lip. 



2. S. versicolor, Nutt. Soft hairy, the hairs of the inflorescence, etc., 

 partly viscid-glandular ; stem mostly erect (1 -3 high) ; leaves ovate or round- 

 ovate, very veiny, rugose, the floral reduced to broadly ovate entire bracts about 

 equalling the glandular-hairy calyx ; racemes mostly simple ; corolla bright 

 blue with lower side and lip whitish. Banks of streams, Penn. to Wise., 

 Minn., and southward. Var. M!NOR, Chapm. Low, slender, and thin-leaved ; 

 floral leaves small. Mountains of Va., etc. 



3. S. saxatilis, Eiddell. Glabrous or slightly hairy ; stem weak, ascend- 

 ing (6 - 1 8' long), often producing runners, branched ; leaves ovate or ovate- 

 oblong (1 - 2' long), thin, obtuse ; upper bracts oblong or ovate, small, entire ; 

 raceme simple, loose. Moist shaded banks, Del. to Ohio, south in the moun- 

 tains to Va. and Tenn. 



- H- Stem-leaves crenate-dentate or serrate (or nearly entire in n. 7), only the 

 lowest if any cordate at base, more or less petioled ; lateral lobes of the blue 

 corolla shorter than the galeate upper lip. 



4. S. serrata, Andrews. Green and nearly glabrous ; stem rather simple 

 (1-3 high), with single loosely flowered racemes; leaves serrate, acuminate 

 at both ends, ovate or ovate-oblong; calyx, etc., somewhat hairy; corolla V 

 long, narrow, its lips equal in length. Woods, Penn. to 111. and N. C. 



5. S. canescens, Nutt. Stem branched above (2-4 high), with the 

 panicled many-flowered racemes, flowers, and the lower surface of the ovate or 

 lance-ovate acute (at the base acute, obtuse, or cordate) crenate leaves whitish 

 with fine soft down, often becoming rather glabrous ; bracts oblong or lan- 

 ceolate ; corolla 8 - 9" long. Elver-banks, Ont. and Penn. to the mountains 

 of N. C. and N. Ala., west to Kan. and Ark. 



6. S. pi!6sa, Michx. Pubescent with spreading hairs ; stem nearly simple 

 (1 - 3 high) ; leaves rather distant, crenate, oblong-ovate, obtuse varvinp" to 



