LILIAUE^E. (LILY FAMILY.) 519 



- - Stem or scape from a bulb or corm ; capsule many-seeded. 



-0. Erythronium. Scape from a solid bulb, with a pair of leaves. Flower solitary 

 Seeds angled, obovoid. 



21. Ulium. Stem leafy from a scaly bulb. Seeds horizontal, flattened. 



* # # Fruit a berry ; stem from a tuber-like rootstock, bearing 1 or 2 whorla of leaves ; 



flowers terminal ; stigmas sessile. 



22. Medeola. Leaves in 2 whorls. Flowers umbellate. Perianth-segments similar, col- 



ored, deciduous. 



23. Trillium. Leaves (3) in a terminal whorl. Flower solitary ; outer sepals leaf-like, 



persistent. 



SERIES C. Floral bracts green or greenish (rarely scarious), or none. Sta- 

 mens at the base of the distinct 1 - several-nerved persistent perianth-seg- 

 ments ; anthers small, versatile. Styles or sessile stigmas distinct. Cap- 

 sule mostly septicidal. Seeds with a loose testa or appendaged. Leaves 

 with transverse veinlets (except in n. 24 and 25). 



* Stems leafy or bracteate, from a thick tuberous rootstock ; flowers racemose ; anthers 



2-celled ; stigmas linear. 



24. Helonias. Leaves radical, oblanceolate. Flowers perfect. Capsule broadly obovate, 



many-seeded. 



25. Chamselirium. Stem very leafy. Flowers dioecious. Capsule oblong, many-seeded. 



26. Xerophyllum. Stem very leafy; leaves very narrow. Flowers perfect. Capsule 



few-seeded. 



* * Stems distichously equitant-leafy, from a creeping rootstock ; flowers on bracteolate ped- 



icels, racemose ; anthers 2-celled ; stigmas small, terminal ; seeds often appendaged. 



27. Tofieldia. Bractlets 3, verticillate. Styles short. Seeds horizontal. 



28. Narthecium. Bractlet linear. Stigma slightly lobed. Seeds ascending. 



* * * Anthers heart- or kidney-shaped, confluently 1-celled, and peltate after opening -, 



stigmas terminal ; capsule 3-beaked by the persistent styles ; seeds angled or flat- 

 tened and margined. 



- Stems tall, leafy, from a thick rootstock, pubescent above ; flowers polygamous, race- 

 mose-paniculate ; seeds flat, winged. 



29. Melanthium. Sepals free from the ovary, their long claws bearing the filaments. 



30. Veratrum. Sepals without claws, slightly adnate to the ovary. Leaves strongly 



nerved and plicate. 



- H- Root mostly bulbous ; glabrous ; flowers racemose or panicled ; seeds narrow, angled; 



leaves linear. 



31. Stenanthium. Sepals lanceolate, acuminate, without glands. 



32. Zygadenus. Sepals oblong to ovate, glandular toward the base. 



33. Amianthium* Flowers in a dense raceme. Sepals ovate-oblong, glandless, free 



from the ovary. Cells of the capsule widely divergent, 1 - 2-seeded. 



1. SMIL AX, Tourn. GREENBRIER. CAT-BRIER. 



Flowers dioecious in umbels or axillary peduncles, small, greenish or yellow- 

 ish, regular, the perianth-segments distinct, deciduous. Filaments linear, in- 

 serted on the very base, the introrse anthers linear or oblong, fixed by the base, 

 apparently 1-celled. Ovary of fertile flowers 3-celled (1-celled, with single 

 stigma, in n. 11) ; stigmas thick and spreading, almost sessile; ovules 1 or 2 

 in each cell, pendulous, orthotropous ; fruit a small berry. Shrubby or rarely 

 herbaceous, usually climbing or supported by a pair of tendrils on the petiole 

 of the ribbed and netted-veined simple leaves. (The ancient Greek name, of 

 obscure meaning.) 



