592 CYPERACE^;. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 



Stigmas 3 ; spikes erect or ascending. 



Perigynium hairy. Spikes very large, globose . , , . 6 



Spikes very small, sessile or. nearly so . . 81-83, 85-92 



Spikes cylindrical, heavy 24-28 



Perigynium granular-roughened ...... 28 



Perigynium smooth, 

 Thin and turgid, loosely enclosing the achene. Beakless . . . 58,59 



Beaked .... 5-17 

 Firm in texture, not inflated, 



Long-beaked, deeply toothed . .' . ". ' . '" . . 2-4,26,28 

 Less prominently beaked, short-toothed, sharply 3-angled . . ' ;' : T; . 69-74 



Wholly beakless and pointless 58, 59, 63, 78, 79 



Very small, black and shining; leaves capillary . *, !<i ? ^ >;;- * i* T 80 

 Culm and leaves thinly pubescent . . . . . u ^- ' . . 64 



Perigynium more or less pointed or beaked. 



Spikes spreading or drooping . , ' . ; -." > v ':*' 51-53, 68-70, 75 

 Spikes erect . . . \ - : ^ ' -* * ' *.*. : , . 60 - 62, 65 - 68, 71 - 78 



# 1. PHYSOCARP^E. -t- 1. Pauciflbrce. 



1. C. paucifldra, Lightf. (PI. 5, fig. 1-16.) Very slender but erect, 

 6-18' high; leaves very narrow, much shorter than the culm; staminate and 

 pistillate flowers 2 - 5 ; perigynium at maturity easily detached. Cold sphag- 

 num swamps, New Eng. to N. Penn. and Minn. ; local. (Eu.) 



# 1. -t- 2. Lupulince. 

 - Teeth of the perigynium strongly reflexed. 



2. C. SUbulata, Michx. Green, very slender but erect, 6' -2 high; 

 leaves narrow, somewhat shorter than the culm ; bracts leafy, sheathing ; 

 pistillate spikes 2-4, scattered, 2-6-flowered; perigynium deflexed. Deep 

 sphagnum swamps, R. I. to E. Penn., and southward ; very local. 



++ -w. Teeth erect or spreading. 

 = Whole plant yellowish ; perigynium little or not at all inflated. 



3. C. Michauxiana, Boeckl. Slender but stiff and erect, 1-2 high; 

 leaves narrow and firm, shorter than the culm ; spikes 2-3, the lowest 

 usually remote and short-peduncled, the remainder aggregated and sessile ; 

 staminate spike small, wholly sessile ; perigynium not inflated, erect or spread- 

 ing, twice longer than the blunt scale. (C. rostrata, Michx.) Bogs and lake- 

 borders, mountains of N. H. and N. Y., and westward to L. Superior ; local. 



4. C. folliculata, L. Stout, 2-3 high; leaves very broad and flat, 

 lax ; pistillate spikes 3-4, scattered, all but the uppermost prominently pe- 

 dniicled ; staminate spike short-peduncled ; perigynium larger, inflated, the 

 scale awned and nearly as long. Cold swamps, New Eng. to N. J. and Penn., 

 and west to Mich. ; rather local. 



= = Plant green ; perigynium much inflated. 



5. C. intum^SCens, Kudge. Slender, 18 -30' high; leaves narrow; 

 pistillate spikes two, loosely 1 - 8-flowered, the perigynium erect-spreading, 

 not prominently many-nerved. Wet pastures and swamps ; common. 



6. C. Grayii, Carey. Larger and stouter ; leaves broad and flat, 3 - 4 /x 

 wide; pistillate spikes 1 or 2, the lowest often peduncled, perfectly glob- 

 ular and compactly 1 2 - 30-flowered, the perigynium spreading or deflexed 

 and prominently many-nerved. Meadows and copses, Vt. to 111., and south 



