CYPERACE^E. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 603 



SM^THII, Porter. Tall, slender, olive-green, the leaves very long, very nearly 

 smooth; spikes small, globular or short-cylindrical (-' long or less), the lowest 

 often somewhat remote, all more inclined to be peduncled ; perigynium globu- 

 lar and turgid, brown, ^quarrose, giving the spike a characteristic plump ap- 

 pearance. Fields and woodlands, southern N. J., E. Penn., and southward ; 

 also in Ark. ; frequent. 



# 4. H- 2. Sylvdticce. 



48. C. longirostris, Torr. Very slender but erect, 1| - 3 high, growing 

 in stools; leaves narrow, flat, loose ; spikes 3-5, 1 -2' long, loosely flowered, 

 drooping ; perigynium thin, slightly inflated, green, nearly nerveless, spread- 

 ing, the beak longer than the body, about the length of the awned scale. 

 Shady banks from N. Eng. to Neb., and northward ; frequent. Var. MINOR, 

 Boott. Smaller and slenderer ; spikes 9" long or less, very narrow and very 

 loosely or even alternately few-flowered; perigynium smaller. Neb. and 

 westward. 



* 4. - 3. Ffcxiles. 



49. C. castanea, Wahl. Slender but erect, 1 - 2| high ; leaves broad 

 and flat, hairy, much shorter than the rough culm ; spikes 2-4, approximate, 

 widely spreading or drooping on filiform stalks, V long or less, rather dense, 

 tawny ; perigynium broad-laiiceplate, gradually narrowed into a beak as long 

 as the body, thin, with a nerve on each side, longer than the light brown or 

 whitish acute thin scale. (C. flexilis, Rudge.) Banks, Conn, to Minn. ; local. 



C. ARCTATA X CASTANEA, Bailey. Leaves mostly narrower, less hairy or 

 smooth ; spikes very slender and loosely flowered (scarcely over 1" wide), erect 

 or drooping, chestnut color; perigynium thin, long-ovate, shorter-beaked, 

 lightly nerved, mostly surpassing the pointed whitish scale. (C. Knieskernii, 

 Dewey.) Oneida Co., N. Y. ; Keweenaw Co., Mich. (Farwell) ; N. Minn. 



50. C. capillaris, L. Very slender but erect, 2 -12' high; culm smooth, 

 longer than the narrow flat or afc length involute leaves ; spikes 2-4, either 

 scattered or approximate, all more or less long-peduncled and drooping, borne 

 in the axils of conspicuous sheathing bracts, very small (3 - 12-flowered) ; peri- 

 gynium thin, very small, oblong-ovoid, the beak hyaline-lipped, longer than 

 the very obtuse white scale. Alpine summits of the White Mts. ; Cortland, 

 N. Y., Alcona Co., Mich., and Point de Tour, L. Huron. (Eu.) 



* 4. -t- 4. Debiles. 



** Perigynium thin, rarely with more than two prominent nerves. 



51. C. arctata, Boott. Slender, erect, 1-2 high; radical leaves ^ach 

 shorter than the culm and very broad (2|-5"), flat; bracts broad and short, 

 long-sheathing ; spikes 3-5, all widely spreading or drooping on filiform stalks, 

 1-3' long and exceedingly slender; perigynium short (2" long or less), ab- 

 ruptly and conspicuously stipitate and abruptly contracted into a beak, 3-cor- 

 nered, prominently nerved, green, mostly spreading, scarcely longer than the 

 very sharp or cuspidate scale. Woods and copses, N. Eng. to Penn. and Minn. ; 

 common. 



Var. Fax6ni, Bailey. Spikes shorter and usually short-peduncled, erect 

 or nearly so, much more densely flowered, part of them commonly contiguous 

 at the top of the culm, rendering the shorter staminate spike inconspicuous . 



