706 JUNGERMANNIACE^E. ( SO ALE-MOSSES.) 



cious ; perianth oblong-oval or subobovate, triquetrous, dorsally sulcate, acutely 

 keeled ventrally ; antheridial spikes globose. Shaded rocks, N. Y. and N. J. 

 to E. Tenn. 



9. F. dilatata, Neea. Loosely and widely pinnate ; leaves round, entire, 

 opaque; lower lobe subrounded, cucullate, close to the stem; underleaves 

 subquadrate, toothed at the anterior angles; involucral leaves with 2 or 3 

 entire lobes ; perianth tuberculate, retuse. Rocks and trunks of trees ; rather 

 common. (Eu.) 



2. THYOPSlfeLLA. Perianth smooth ; leaves semicordate at base (marked 



by a central moniliform row of cells, or sometimes in n. 12 by a few scattered 



large cells) ; lower lobe near the stem (except in n. 11), cylindric-saccate, 



mostly erect; underleaves round-oval, the margin entire, recurved ; dioecious. 



* Leaves orbicular. 



10. P. Asagrayana, Mont. (PL 24.) Creeping, simply pinnate ; leaves 

 concave, obtuse, decurved ; lower lobe oblong-clavate, emargiuate at base ; 

 underleaves oblong, flat, 2-cleft, the sinus obtuse ; involucral leaves unequally 

 2-cleft, the dorsal segment oblong, pointed, nearly entire, the ventral subulate ; 

 perianth pyriform, 3-sided, obtusely keeled beneath. (F. Grayana of authors.) 

 Rocks and bark of coniferous trees ; frequent. 



1 1 . F. Tamarisci, Nees. Bipinnately branching, somewhat rigid ; leaves 

 obtuse, mucronately acute or subacuminate, decurved, entire ; lower lobe dis- 

 tant from the stem, oval or oblong ; underleaves quadrate-ovate or obovate, 

 emarginate, the margin revolute ; involucral leaves bifid, serrulate ; perianth 

 oblong, sulcate dorsally, obtusely keeled ventrally. N. Eng. and southward; 



rare. (Eu.) 



# * Leaves oblong from a narrowed base . 



12. F. fragilif61ia, Tayl. Procumbent, subpinnate, the alternate flat- 

 tened branches subremote ; leaves subimbricate, ascending, recurved, entire ; 

 lower lobe oblong-galeate ; underleaves round-obovate, flat, appressed, bifid, 

 the margins entire or angled; perianth obovate-cordate, concave dorsally, 

 keeled ventrally; involucral leaves subequally lobed, obtusely few-toothed. 

 (F. polysticta, Mont. F. Sullivantiae, Aust.) On trees in a cedar swamp, 

 Urbana, Ohio (Sullivant). (Eu.) 



2. JUBULA, Dumort. (PL 25.) 



Characters nearly as in Frullania. Leaves large and flat, an axillary one 

 at the base of each branch without a lower lobe. Calyptra turnip-shaped, 

 abruptly globose above. Monoecious, with 2 antheridia in each leaf of a spike- 

 like branch, and the archegonia mostly solitary. (Name from juba, a mane, 

 alluding to the persistent elaters.) 



1. J. Hutchinsise, Dumort., var. Sullivantii, Spruce. Subdichoto- 

 mously branching; leaves dark olive-green, subimbricate, obliquely ovate, 

 acute, entire or subrepand ; lower lobe saccate, rather remote from the stem, 

 not spurred as in the European form ; underleaves roundish, serrate or entire ; 

 involucral leaves bifid, serrate; perianth triangular-obpyriform. (Frullania 

 Hutchinsiae, Nees, in part.) Wet rocks, N. Eng. to S. C. ; more common in 

 the mountain*. 



