?18 JTJNGERMANNiACE.. 



leaves 2 or 4. Perianth terete, the lower half thickened. Catyptra fleshy, con- 

 fluent with the perianth for f its length. Capsule oval. Antheridia 1 or 2 in 

 the axils of bracts terminal on slender branches. (Name from apirrj, a sickle, 

 and &vdos, flower.) 



1. H. SCUtatllS, Spruce. Stems filiform, decumbent, usually simple; 

 leaves smaller at the base and apex of the stems, roundish-ovate, concave, 

 sharply bidentate, the apex lunate or acute ; underleaves large, acuminate 

 mvolucral leaves two, 2 - 3-cleft, the upper adnate to the perianth ; perianth 

 ovate, becoming obovate, obscurely 3 - 4-plicate, splitting above on one side ; 

 capsule deep brown. (Jungermannia scutata, Weber.) On rotten logs in 

 damp places ; common. (Eu.) 



H. FLOTOVIANUS, Nees. (PI. 23.) Stems flexuous, procumbent, mostly 

 unbranched ; leaves ovate-orbicular, horizontal, the apex contracted and emar- 

 gmate with a shallow sinus ; underleaves large, ovate or lanceolate, obliquely 

 inserted, entire or more often toothed on one or both sides near the middle ; 

 dioecious ; perianth subcylindric, slightly sickle-shaped, the mouth pointed at 

 first, notched on one side and finally crenulate ; antheridia elliptic, single in 

 the base of swollen leaves. (Pleuranthe olivacea, Tayl,} " North America " 

 (Dfummond), but not collected recently ; certainly extralimital. 



23. LIOCHLJENA, Nees. (PL 25.) 



Leaves succubous, ovate-oblong, entire or slightly retuse ; underleaves none. 

 I Hcecious or monoecious. Involucral leaves 2 or 4, like the cauline ; perianth 

 pyriform, becoming cylindric, incurved, abruptly rounded at the summit, 

 the minute orifice prominently ciliolate. Capsule oblong, long-exserted. 

 Klaters attached to the middle of the valves. Spores minute, globose. An 

 theridia in the axils of ordinary leaves. Archegonia 5-12. (Name from 

 Ae?os, smooth, and x* "* a cloak, referring to the perianth.) 



1 . L. lanceolata, Nees. Closely creeping, branched ; leaves sometimes 

 decurrent ; involucral leaves vertical ; perianth at right angles with the stem ; 

 monoecious. On banks and rotten logs ; not rare. (Eu.) 



24. JUNGERMANNIA, Micheli. (PI. 25.) 



Leaves succubous, rarely subtransverse, entire, lobed or dentate, the margins 

 never recurved ; underleaves present or none. Dioecious or monoecious. Fruit 

 terminal. Involucral leaves 4 or fewer, like the cauline or more incised, free ; 

 perianth laterally compressed or terete, usually 3-10-carinate, the usually 

 small mouth entire or toothed. Calyptra oval-pyriform. Capsule globose or 

 oblong, rarely cylindric. Spores minute, smooth or roughish. Archegonia 

 8-70. (Named for L. Jungermann, a German botanist of the 1 7th century.) 

 1. JUNGEKMANNIA proper. Leaves orbicular or ovate, entire or barely 

 retuse; underleaves none (very small in n. 1). 



1. J. Schraderi, Martius. (PI. 25.) Creeping, flexuous ; leaves round- 

 elliptic, entire, ascending ; underleaves broadly subulate, not apparent on old 

 stems ; involucral leaves large, elongated, the inner smaller and more or lesi 

 laciniate ; perianth oval-obovate, ascending. On the ground and rotten logs; 

 common. (Eu.) 



2. J. sphserocarpa, Hook. Stems creeping, the tips ascending, sub- 

 simple, greenish; leaves semi-vertical, rather rigid, orbicular, obliquely spread- 



