Contents 



CHAPTER XVI 



SUNSHINE, RAIN. AND WIND 



PAGE 



Curious habitats of plants The Darnel Fungus Oak leaves and 

 climate Shapes of leaves and harmony Waterfall plants 

 Statistical researches Changes during growth of a wood Lime- 

 stone plants Sunshine effects Bracken in various situations The 

 patanas of Ceylon Railway lines in Sweden Reddening of plants 

 Bocconia stamens Mode in ray florets Rain leaves Wind and 

 leaves Mechanical tissue and strains Dust Organic materials 

 Rain-catching arrangements . 181 



CHAPTER XVII 



VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL 



Forests and man Nettles Loranthus in Australia Mimicry in carboni- 

 ferous period Grasshopper and grass stems Worms Open floras 

 and change by animals in Tundra, Patagonia, and Heathermoors 

 Poisonous Australian plants Equisetums Fungi of animal manure 

 Spruce gall insect Aphid and its enemies Nepenthes bical- 

 carata and its ants Sunbirds Elephants and Rafflesia Ants and 

 seeds 195 



CHAPTER XVIII 



ANTS AND MITES 



Mite caverns in leaves Inheritance of mite injuries Spruce and ant 

 plants Stipule thorns and ants Galleries in ferns Nectaries on 

 leaves Leaf-cutting and fungus-cultivating ants Ant gardens in 

 the Amazons 205 



CHAPTER XIX 



ELECTRICITY RADIUM, N- AND X-RAYS 



Electric potential of air Currents of electricity in plants Reactions on 

 stimulation Increased assimilation Roots and electric currents 

 Nollet's, Bertholet's, and Speschnew systems Thwaite's experi- 

 mentsElectrocution of plants Damage to trees and bacteria 

 Lilac in electric light Rontgen and radium rays Dr. Russell's 

 photographs N-rays 211 



CHAPTER XX 



ORIGIN OF OUR BRITISH FLORA 



Flora of France before the Ice Age Invasion of Northern Ice 

 Separation of Alpine districts Cardamine Glacial boulder-clay 

 Climate of Ice Age Dryas, birch, Scotch pine and oak floras 

 Succession of and upper limits of these associations Botanical 

 survey maps Reid's and Lewis' researches Peatmoss investiga- 

 tions Climatic changes Hazel in Sweden Preglacial English 

 plants Geikie's Ice Ages Tacitus and historical forests Age of 

 destruction Weeds Beech invasion Cornish heath and Spanish 

 plants Irish Americans Cinnamons 218 



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