194 
Shelldrakes, 89. 
Shrike, Loggerhead, 162. 
Northern, 162. 
Sialia siulis, 186. 
Signaling colors, 44, 
Sitta cunadensis, 181. 
carolinensis, 180. 
Snipe, Wilson’s, 97. 
Snipes, 28, 36, 41, 43, 49, 67. 
Snowbird, Slate-colored, 145. ~~ 
White, 147. 
Snowflake, 38, 147. 
Songs of birds, 62. 
Sora, 94. 
Sparrow, Chipping, 142. ~~ 
English, 141. 
Field, 140. 
Fox, 144, 
Tiouse, 141. = 
Song, 40, 138 —~ 
Swamp, 139. 
Tree, 146. 
Vesper, 141.——~ 
White-crowned, 144. 
White-throated, 143 
Sparrows, 6, 18, 41, 43, 49, 67, 188, 
Spinus tristis, 148. 
Spiza americana, 155. 
Spizella pusilla, 140, 
monticola, 146. 
socialis, 142. 
Spoonbill, Roseate, 33, 
Squawk, 92, 
Stake Driver, 98. 
Sterna hirundo, 87. 
Sturnella magna, 136. 
Summer residents, defined, 58. 
Sylviide, 181. 
Syrnium nebulosum, 111. 
Swallow, Bank, 157, 159. - 
Barn, 157, 158, 159, — 
Cliff, 157, 158, 159. — 
Eave, 159. 
Rough-winged, 160, 
Tree, 157, 158, 160. —- 
Swallows, 6, 27, 55, 156. 
Swan, Trumpeter, 90. 
Whistling, 90. 
INDEX. 
Swift, Chimney, 119. 
Swifts, 6, 15, 27, 55, 117. 
Tachycineta bicolor, 160. 
Tail, the, expression of emotion with — 
26. 
relation between form of, and flight, 
25. 
sexual characters in, 25. 
uses of, 25, 
Tanager, Scarlet, 36, 37, 156. 
Tanagers, 42, 44, 155. 
‘Tanagride, 155. 
Teal, Blue-winged, 89, 
Green-winged, 89. 
Telescope, 56, 57. 
Tern, Common, 87. 
Tetraonide, 100. 
Thrasher, Brown, 175. 
Thrush, Brown, 175. 
Hermit, 185. 
Wilson’s, 183. 
Wood, 12, 184, 
Thrushes, 6, 55, 67, 182. 
Thryothorus ludovicianus, 177. 
Titmouse, Tufted, 180. 
Towhee, 44, 151. $ 
Transient visitants, defined, 54, 
Trochilida, 119. 
Trochilus colubris, 120. 
Troglodytes atédon, 175. 
hiemalis, 176. 
Troglodytide, 175. 
Tubinares, 88. 
Turdide, 182. 
Turdus aonolaschkee pallasii 185, 
fuscescens, 183, Fi 
mustelinus, 184. {oom 
Turkey, 27. 2 eee 
Tyrannide, 121. . 
Tyrannus tyrannus, 122. 
rams 
Urinator imber, 85. 
Urinatoride, 85. Le A, 
Veery, 63, 183. ae 
Vireo flavifrons, 165, 0 99) 
gilvus, 165. f 
