86 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF THE WEST INDIES. 



Cupularia umbellata Canu, fitude compare des Bryozoaires Helvetians de 1'figypte avec les 



Bryozoaires vivants de la Mediterran6e et de la Met Rouge, M6moire de 1'Institut 



figyptien. tome VI, fasc. Ill, p. 205, 1913. 

 Cupularia umbellata Canu, Contributions a 1'etude des Bryozoaires fossiles, Bulletin Societe 



Geologique France (IV), XIII, pp. 125, 126, 127, 1913. 

 Cupularia lowei Osburn, The Bryozoa of the Tortugas Islands, Florida, Carnegie Inst. Wash. 



Pub. No. 182, p. 194, 1914. 



The fossils which are identified as above are rather well preserved 

 and their determination is easy. The pores of the hydrostatic zooecia 

 are not radicular. We are ignorant as to why Norman, who is a great 

 lover of archaic names, has not preserved the name of Defrance. The 

 figures published by this author and by d'Orbigny are excellent and 

 leave no doubt as to the identity of the two species. 



The specimens from Santo Domingo are quite vigorous. They 

 represent a variation that is remarkable in the size of the zooecia and 

 in the aspect of the inner side. The latter does not show the usual 

 tuberose ribs and the tuberosities are equally distributed on the 

 zoarial surface. The ancestrula is not always visible; it is often 

 covered over by a normal zocecium (fig. 19) or replaced by a special 

 region in which the zocecia are arranged in contrary order (fig. 20). 



Measurements. Opesium: ho = 0.12 mm., to = 0.16 mm.; zooecium: 1/2 = 0.44 

 to 0.50 mm., fe=0.34 mm. 



Occurrence. Lower Miocene (Gatun formation), Banana River, 

 Costa Rica, D. F. McDonald, collector, 1911. Lower Miocene (Bowden 

 horizon), Bowden, Jamaico, Cercado de Mao (Bluffs 2 and 3) and Rio 

 Gurabo, Santo Domingo. 



This species is almost always associated with Cupuladria canariensis 

 Busk, 1859. Like the latter, it occurs in the lower Miocene (Alum Bluff 

 formation) and also the later Miocene and Pliocene of the United States. 



Geological distribution. Aquitanian of Italy (Seguenza, Neviani), of 

 Bordeaux (Canu) ; Burdigalian of Italy (Seguenza, Canu) of Bordeaux 

 (Canu); Helvetian of Italy (Seguenza), of Touraine (Canu), of Bor- 

 deaux (Canu), of Maryland (Ulrich), of Egypt (Canu); Tortonian of 

 Provence (Canu), of Italy (Seguenza); Plaisancian of England (Busk), 

 of Italy (Manzoni); Astian of Italy (Neviani, Canu), of Provence 

 (Canu); Sicilian of Italy (Neviani); Quaternary of Italy (Seguenza), 

 of Argentina (Canu). 



Habitat. Mediterranean, Atlantic, Canary Islands, and Florida. 

 It is common hi the Gulf of Gascony in the Miocene, but it has now 

 disappeared from this region. 



The species has been dredged at a depth of 11 to 48 meters in 

 America and from 81 to 113 meters in Madeira. 



CORYNOSTYLUS, new genus. 



No ovicell. The opercular valve articulates on two condyles. The 

 zooecia are club-shaped and provided with a gymnocyst. The zoarium 

 is articulate. 



