167 



Jutland near Ribe he has made quite a similar observation; any general flight of 

 Anophelin females in the evenings round the farms or under the large trees which 

 are often found in the gardens near the farms I have never been able to observe. 



7. Whilst the females, in my opinion, must mainly be regarded as stationary 

 stable mosquitoes during the summer, the males are rare in the stables; I have 

 never found more than about 10 % males; Mr. PETERSEN has come to quite a 

 similar result. At Nysted (Lolland) I have in the middle of June observed the small 

 swarms of males dancing behind and between shrubs; it was evening; sunset; the 

 observation was made about fifty meters from the stable in which, at the same 

 moment, about one hundred blood-filled females were hanging. Here too I had oc- 

 casion to observe a few females steering their course into the swarms, but these 

 females came from the outside, the swarms of males being between them and the 

 stable; as far as I could observe without catching them they were all lank, without 

 blood in the stomach. The observation of the swarming of the Anopheles-species is 

 of some interest; it has hitherto been denied; recently it has been corroborated by 

 BANKS with regard to Philippine species (1919 p. 283). 



8. I have never directly observed the females egg-laying; having often tried to 

 see the process by day I am almost convinced that it takes place at night, and 

 especially in the early morning hours. This is also stated by LEVANDER (1902 p. 18). 

 In my hatching cages the females never laid eggs in the day time, but the water 

 reservoirs very often contained eggs in the morning. With regard to the structure 

 of the eggs and the form of the egg groups I refer the reader to earlier authors. 

 As far as I can see the eggs are often laid in the water reservoirs nearest to the 

 farm; it is only the distance from the stable which determines their usefulness; the 

 quality of the water is a matter of entire indifference to the mosquito. Any predi- 

 lection for clean water I do not find. Hitherto I have never, as is the case with 

 C. pipiens and T. annulata, found the eggs indoors in cemented water reservoirs but 

 I should not wonder if this will be the case some day. I have found the larvae in 

 the dunghill pools lying only abt. 10 meters from the stable; in these pools a great 

 many larva? are hatched. In most of our villages we commonly find pools very 

 rich in organic matter often covered with water bloom, our Danish "Gadekaer"; gener- 

 ally they are bordered by grassy vegetation. In these pools I have always found 

 the greatest number of the larvae of A. maculipennis. I suppose that these pools 

 are the nightly rendezvous places for all the egg-laying females from the stables 

 of the village; that A. maculipennis should not be bred in polluted water is therefore 

 not in accordance with my own observations (see GAVER and PRINGAULT 1914 p. 401 

 a. o.). I may add that I have often found a large number of larvae near the marshy 

 borders of larger ponds or small lakes. What mainly characterises the egg-laying 

 localities is that they are almost always sunlit, not dark as is mainly the case with 

 many of the localities for Cu/ex-larvae. 



9. As is well known a C. pipiens throws its eggs in egg boats; we suppose 

 that every female produces about four eggboats. I regret that the far-branching 



