5 14 Edward Livingston Youmans. 



tion of all highly organized products, both of man and of 

 Nature ; it will be, not a series of like parts simply placed 

 in juxtaposition, but one whole made up of unlike parts 

 that are mutally dependent." Here, as early as 1852, there 

 is recognized in one of the highest spheres both the process 

 of differentiation and the process of integration the two 

 radical conceptions of Evolution. 



In July of the next year (1853) Mr. Spencer's continued 

 interest in the question of the functions of the state led 

 him to write the essay on Over-Legislation in the West- 

 minster Review ; and here, as in Social Statics, the con- 

 ception of society as a growth, under the operation of 

 natural laws, is predominant. 



The critical perusal of Mr. Spencer's works shows that 

 this was a very important period in the development of his 

 views. The reading of Mr. Mill's Logic along with some 

 other philosophical works had led him to the elaboration 

 of certain opinions at variance with those of Mr. Mill on 

 the question of our ultimate beliefs, and those he published 

 in the Westminster Review, under the title of The Univer- 

 sal Postulate (1853). The inquiries thus commenced, to- 

 gether with those respecting the nature of the moral feel- 

 ings, and those concerning life and development, bodily 

 and mental, into which he had been led both by Social 

 Statics and the Theory of Population, prepared the way 

 for the Principles of Psychology. Some of the funda- 

 mental conceptions contained in this remarkable work 

 now began to take shape in his mind. Other ideas con- 

 nected with the subject began also to form in his mind, an 

 example of which is furnished by the essay on Manners and 

 Fashion, published in the Westminster Review (April, 1854). 

 Various traits of the general doctrine of Evolution are 

 here clearly marked out in their relations to social 

 progress. It is shown that the various forms of restraint 

 exercised over men in society political, ecclesiastical, and 





