PRACTICAL FORESTRY. 



harm, it may be planted at great altitudes, and in very 

 exposed situations. In several of the maritime plantations 

 that I have formed, this willow was used with remarkable 

 success in the outer line or screen. 



The Aspen (Populus tremida) is an excellent shore-tree, 

 one that can withstand a great amount of rough usage, and 

 as hardy and fast-growing a subject as could well be desired. 

 In the formation of several exposed seaside woods on the 

 west coast of England I planted the aspen largely, and, I 

 may add, the results have been most satisfactory. 



P. canadensis, P. alba, and P. nigra are likewise 

 worthy of extended culture, for they succeed well by the 

 seaside. They all stand the breeze from the sea, are 

 perfectly hardy, and afford a great amount of shelter. 



The Mountain Ash (Pyrus Aitciiparia). Although value- 

 less, or nearly so, for the quantity of timber it produces, yet, 

 as a hardy, free-growing tree, the mountain ash, or rowan 

 tree, merits attention from planters of exposed seaside land. 

 All along the coast of Great Britain this pretty tree may be 

 found growing luxuriantly, and in such situations affording 

 a great amount of shelter to other less hardy kinds of trees 

 and shrubs. It may be planted without fear of harm, down 

 even to high-water mark, and where the soil is of the poorest 

 description, and is thus one of the most useful of trees for 

 planting as shelter along the roughest and most wind- 

 tortured parts of the coast. 



The Hoary Alder (Alnus incana) and the Common Alder 

 (A. glutinosa) can hardly be excelled for planting in wet 

 portions of cold, wind-swept ground, and in the vicinity 

 of the sea. Both trees grow with the greatest freedom, 

 and are perfectly hardy, standing the first brunt of the 

 saline blasts in a most commendable and praiseworthy 

 manner. 



I have found it to be a good plan where shelter is wanted 

 on bare coast-tracts, if the quality of soil be at all suitable, 

 to plant the alders pretty closely, and when they have attained 

 to 15 ft. or 20 ft. in height, to cut every alternate one 

 over at ground level. By so doing a number of stout shoots 

 are thrown out early in the following spring, which, as they 



72 



