PLANTING EXPOSED GEOUND. 



hardy evergreen foliage to the blast. It, too, is a good 

 timber-producer, and, being well fitted for growing in 

 patches close together, will yet be largely used for forest 

 work in this country. 



About the Scotch Pine it is, perhaps, needless to speak, 

 for everyone who has travelled in Scotland, particularly the 

 more exposed northern parts, must have made himself 

 acqainted with the capabilities of this valuable native tree. 

 It can grow and flourish almost anywhere on pure gravel, 

 on the rocky mountain-slope, or by the rushing brookside, 

 and in all these positions it seems to feel quite happy and 

 contented, as the beautiful silvery glaucous foliage, the 

 upright, rampant growth, and the cheery cinnamon or terra- 

 cotta bark clearly point out. 



With these three excellent storm-resisting trees for an 

 outer barrier almost any kind of planting can be engaged in, 

 for the shelter they afford is amply sufficient to start away 

 into rapid growth even our only second-class hardy kinds of 

 trees. The Sycamore is an excellent tree for planting 

 where the storms blow loud and long, it being able to 

 withstand, and in a very commendable way, the first brunt 

 of the hillside winds. It, too, is a good timber-producer 

 the wood at all times being easily disposed of and at a 

 very remunerative price. 



The Elder and Mountain Ash are other valuable trees of 

 small growth for planting on exposed ground, both flourish- 

 ing apace even in very bigh and exposed woodlands. 



In the Scotch or Mountain Elm (Ulmus montana) we 

 have a first-class tree for planting as shelter, while the 

 Alder, Willows of various kinds, and the Hornbeam should 

 all receive attention in the formation of woodlands on 

 exposed and storm-swept sites. 



The American Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) has few equals 

 for withstanding long-continued storms at high altitudes, 

 for it sends out its cork-covered branches without fear of 

 harm into the very teeth of the blast. I have noticed how 

 well suited this elm is for planting on exposed, high-lying 

 ground by the few examples that occur at considerable 

 elevations in some of the screen-belts that have been 



