PEACTICAL FOBESTRY. 



10 ft. in height may be perfectly safe without stake or tie of 

 any kind, whereas others of similar or even smaller size, 

 growing in an open position and exposed to the prevailing 

 winds of the district, will require a mooring of the most 

 secure description, and adjusted in the most efficient manner. 

 For trees and shrubs up to 6 ft. in height, a strong, sharp- 

 pointed stake should be driven firmly into the ground, 

 within about 9 in. of the main stem, and on the most 

 exposed side. The stake should be fully 7 ft. long, and 

 driven, not perpendicularly, but with the head slightly 

 inclined from the tree, and in the direction from which the 

 prevailing winds usually blow. A strong ligature of some 

 kind, such as tarred rope or thick matting, is then placed 

 around the stem of the tree requiring support, at about 4 ft. 

 from the ground, and made fast to the stake at a similar 

 height. 



By crossing the tie between the tree and stake a more 

 efficient job is performed, as there is then less room for the 

 tree to work in when rocking with the wind. It will thus 

 be seen that the nearer to the stem of the tree the stake is 

 placed, the greater will the power of resistence be. 



When the trees and shrubs are from 8 ft. in height and 

 upwards, but especially in the case of evergreen species, 

 stronger moorings than that just described will have to be 

 resorted to, and the following plan we have found suitable 

 for almost any emergency. A strong band of leather, or 

 several strands of tarred rope, are placed loosely around the 

 stem of the tree to be staked, and at, say, three-quarters 

 of its height. Three wires ordinary fencing wire does well 

 are then joined to this collar, two on the most exposed 

 side and one on the other, and made fast to stout stakes 

 driven firmly into the ground, at a distance from the main 

 stem proportionate to the tree's height. In the case of very 

 large tiees, or those that have been reinstated from a fallen 

 position-, double wires are used in a manner similar to that 

 just described, the collar, however, being unusually strong. 

 The advantages of double wires are extra strength, and that 

 they can be twisted at any time to the tightness required. 



The above may be considered the two principal ways of 



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