150 THE TREE PROPAGATOR AND PLANTER. 



top should be cut off; here the branching head will 

 form. 



After the first season's growth from the grafting, the 

 shoot of the dwarf class must be cut back to within 

 two or three buds of the union, to induce a good dwarf 

 tree for training. If for dwarf bushes, 1 foot 6 inches 

 may be left of the single shoot ; and if for pyramidal 

 trees, the single shoot should be left entire for 5 feet 

 in length, and as nnmy laterals left equally divided 

 from the union up as will form a symmetrical tree. 



The Pear. 



All new varieties of both Pears and Apples are 

 raised from the seed or pips ; but the chances for a 

 good and improved variety of either are very small, 

 and some years must elapse before the result can be 

 fully known. The Pear, when raised from seed, is 

 especially liable to go back to the wild state. Stocks 

 for grafting the Pear may be raised from Pear pips or 

 Quince pips ; in either case they must be sown as for 

 the Apple, and grafted in the same waj r . Pear stocks 

 are used for strong-growing standard Pears, although 

 there are some exceptions to this rule ; for instance, 

 those sorts that crack before they are ripe, and possess 

 a grizzly flesh, should not be grafted on Pear stocks, as 

 a rule, but on the Quince. Most Pears seem to acquire 

 a superior quality when grafted on the Quince stock ; 

 but the grizzly classes and those that split and crack 

 should decidedly be grafted on the Quince. In some 

 cases, Pears refuse to unite with this stock. When 

 such is the case, some strong-growing variety may be 

 first grafted on the Quince, and the next season re- 

 grafted with the sort first intended for the stock ; this 

 is what is called " double grafting." 



What has been said about grafting and forming the 

 basis for standard, pyramidal, and dwarf trees under 

 the Apple, applies equally to the Pear. 



All Pears that are naturally liable to come into 

 flower very early should, no doubt, be planted on a 



