154 THE TREE PROPAGATOR AND PLANTER. 



budding, cut the stock down to within a few inches 

 of the bud, and as soon as the latter has made some 

 good growth, cut the remainder of the stump of the 

 stock clean down to the bud in the autumn, a little 

 slanting from the bud (see p. 153). The autumn or 

 spring following cut the shoot the bud has made 

 down to within three or four eyes of the place of 

 insertion ; this will form a basis for a dwarf-trained 

 tree. Standards must be trained to the desired height 

 before the shoot is topped — i.e. the single shoot from 

 the bud must be allowed to grow to the proper height 

 for a standard-trained tree, which, probably, it will 

 take two years to do ; then decapitate the shoot at the 

 proper height. 



The Grape. 



Various are the opinions on Grape-growing. Some 

 affirm that Grape-vines are best planted inside the 

 house, and others assert that they are best planted out- 

 side. Now here I will just give my opinion, founded 

 on experience. Lately I had a large vinery in which 

 there were a set of strong young vines planted inside 

 the house, a great depth of good maiden soil, manure, 

 &c, &c, being well laid in before the vines were 

 planted. They did very well and made a vigorous 

 growth for a year or two, and a fine show of fruit the 

 third year ; but when the fruit was about changing 

 colour they were attacked with mildew, and do all I 

 could the crop was poor except on one of them, the 

 fruit of which was fine and healtlry. " Now," said I, 

 " we will see how this is ; " and as I thought, so it was. 

 We dug down outside the front wall close to it, and 

 there we found the roots of this vine had discovered an 

 opening in the brickwork, and had made some strong 

 feeding-roots, which had been working outside in the 

 ordinary ground, while the others had not. This was 

 the only vine that was really in good health, and the 

 fruit of it was much finer than that of the others. 



Some say that the fruit cannot be kept late on late 

 vines if they are not planted inside the house. Now I 



