GARLIC, SHALLOT, AND POTATO ONION. 169 



securing a crown to each piece taken off. The seed 

 may be sown in seed-pans and raised on heat, being 

 planted out afterwards, or sown on a warm border in 

 the spring in drills. If Rhubarb is allowed to remain 

 on the same ground undisturbed for three years, it 

 generally degenerates and throws up flower-stems, 

 which prove very deteriorating to the roots. 



Artichokes. 



The Artichokes I refer to here are the ones belong- 

 ing to the class of compound flowers with thistle 

 heads — the Cynara genus. This species is grown only 

 for its heads, which should be cut as soon as they have 

 well filled up the numerous calyxes with flesh, and 

 before they begin to separate from the bud, or the lea?t 

 sigil of the flowers appears. They should be planted in 

 good and deep soil, 3 feet apart, and earthed up a bit 

 in severe weather to protect the plants from frosts, and 

 should have a covering of long dung or ferns over 

 them during protracted frosts. In the spring the 

 banks should be thrown down, burying the manure 

 about the plants. They are propagated by suckers in 

 the spring of the year. 



Garlic, Shallot, and Potato Onion. 



The twj former should be planted every February, 

 or in the beginning of March, in good ground in an 

 open space, in drills 1 foot apart from row, to row and 

 inches in the drill. Single bulbs are sufficient. 



The Onion should be planted in January, in good 

 light rich land, in the same way as the Garlic and 

 Shallot. The Onion will be ripe for use or housing 

 about midsummer, and should be tied up in bunches, 

 and then suspended from the roof of some cool, airy 

 outhouse. 



