134 FASTIGIATE TREES 



(1) Crown fastigiate— i.e. the branches and 

 twigs are erect and stiff, giving the whole 

 tree a very narrow besom-like appearance. 



(a) Old bark dark brown, deeply and widely fis- 

 sured and rugged; foliage bright green, of broad 

 trembling deciduous leaves, on numerous thin 

 twiggy upright shoots; catkins pendulous, seeds 

 minute comose. 



Popuhis nigra, v. pyramidalis, Desf. (Fig. 4). Up to 

 100 feet high and often planted in groves, forming a 

 conspicuous feature in the landscape since the masses of 

 foliage are dark. The female trees are not often seen. 

 It is a mere variety of the Black Poplar (see p. 213). 



Fastigiate varieties of a few other deciduous trees 

 occur, e.g. Oak, 



(b) Bark reddish-brown, stem channelled; but the 

 best characteristic is the dark evergreen foliage, 

 of small densely crowded scale-like leaves. Cones 

 rounded and short, of few quadrangular scales. 

 Seeds with sUght border. 



Cujjressits semjiervirens, L. Roman Cypress (Fig. 55). 

 About 60 — 70 feet high, very dark and close foliage. A 

 fastigiate variety occasionally planted. Easily distinguished 

 from the Poplar by the evergreen foliage, cones, &c. 



There are other fastigiate forms of Conifers — e.g. 

 Cupressus funebris, C. Lawsoniana, Taxus, &c, occasionally 

 seen. 



(2) Crown not fastigiate nor weeping. 



[For (b) (a) Crown expanded and depressed, forming an 



seep. 136.] umbrella-Uke or mushroom-hke head on the 



elongated stem. FoHage tufted at the ends of 

 the radiating branches, of acicular leaves in 

 pairs. 



(i) Bark thick and reddish-grey, deeply 

 fissured, and stem knotty. Needles long 



