APPLE. HAWTHORN 199 



^(^ Crown siih-spheroidcd, the 

 stera soon lost inthe branches 

 which come off and ramify 

 at all angles. Thefissuring 

 of the bark very irregidar, 

 and cross-cracks cut up the 

 ridges into shalloxo scales. 



Z Not obviously spiny; 

 leaves ovate and more 

 or less grey tomentose 

 beneath, as are the shoots. 

 Fruit spheroidal, de- 

 pressed at the stalk-end. 



Pyrus Mains, L. Apple (Fig. 96). Often shrubby and 

 occasionally some of the dwarf-slioots (spurs) end in thorny 

 points. The scaling is so pronounced sometimes that we 

 might include this species under scale-barked trees ; scales 

 thin, very irregular and rough, grey-brown. Tree usually 

 about 10 feet in height but may reach 30. Flowers pink 

 and white. The crown is often rather rounded-depressed, 

 broader than high. 



ZZ Thorny and densely 

 branched; leaves lobed, 

 not tomentose. Fruit red 

 and soft '■^Haics." 



Cratcegus Oxyacantha,\j. Hawthorn. The Hawthorn, 

 as a tree, has a rounded head and is usually about 10 — 20 

 feet in height, but may be 30 ; but it is often shrubby. 

 The branches are polished and vary much in colour ; 

 grey-brown, purple-brown and orange or olive shades are 

 common. The thorns are typically numerous and hard 

 and sharp, but may be rare. 



Among other trees with dark fissured bark, an oval or 

 round-headed form, and a height of less than 30 feet are : 

 the Mulberry (Morus), with broad heart-shaped or lobed 



