RUBUS. ROSA 225 



send up shoots several feet long, arching, and rooting at 



the ends. Very many varieties exist, differing in the 



colour of the flowers (white or rosy) or fruit (purple or 



nearly black, red, &c.) ; the degree of armature, shape of 



prickles, admixture of glandular hairs, &c, ; and the 



shapes, sizes and composition of leaves. Many forms are 



sub-evergreen, the leaves turning various shades of red, 



purple, &c. in winter, and not falling with a clean scar, so 



that ragged remains subtend the buds. 



£17 O Branches terete and leaves pinnate. 

 Flowers in corymbs, large; fruits red, 

 tipped with sepals, Sc. : so called "Hips." 



Rosa canina, L. Dog Rose. The Dog Rose also ex- 

 hibits a large number of varieties, differing in the degree 

 and kind of armature, the presence or absence of glands, 

 &c., but all Avith rounded shoots and larger flowers. 



Rosa arvensis with more slender and trailing branches, 

 whiter inodorous flowers, and more globoid fruit is also 

 common, and scrambles. 



Further should be mentioned the Sweet Briar, R. 

 rubiginosa; the Downy Rose, R. villosa, and the Burnet 

 Rose, R. pimpinellifolia, often met with as non-scrambling 

 bushes (see p. 238). 



The type of prickle here met with is common to several 



other species of Rubus and Rosa, variations occurring in 



the size and strength, degree of curvature and so forth ; but 



all are superficial outgrowths easily pushed off laterally, and 



some of the species do not usually climb (see pp. 237 — 8). 



© Shrubs which merely fling their long shoots 

 over other plants. 



O Twigs and branches pale grey, smooth, 

 rounded and la.v ; with straight, thin, 

 ancillary spines {dwarf -shoots). Leaves 

 lanceolate. Flowers lilac with a long 

 tube. Fruits oblong orange-red berries. 

 w. v. 15 



