236 SPINY SHRUBS 



shrubs 3 — 6 feet high, with simple deciduous 

 leaves. 



© Spines pulvinar, usuaUy triple, hiding the 

 leaf-scar: tu-igs whitish-grey with dark 

 hairs, passing to grey-broini: not yellow 

 inside. Flowers in pairs or single, greenish. 

 Fridt a berry capped by calyx, <&c. 



Eibes Grossularia, L. Gooseberry (Figs. 118, 119). A 

 densely branched bush 1 — 3 feet high. Branches with 

 greyish peeling periderm. Spines stiff, in some cases 

 single and scattered on the iuternodes as well. Leaves 

 lobed, pubescent, fascicled on dwarf-shoots. Buds pointed. 



®© Spines — really leaves rediiced to spines — 

 quintuple or triple, somewhat reflexed and 

 pale-broimi. Branches whitish or brownish- 

 grey, passing to fissured pale brown. Leaves 

 obovate, toothed, smooth. Flowers yellow, 

 in pendent racemes; berries oblong red. 



Berheris vulgaris, L. Barberry. Bushy shrub 4 — 6 

 feet high, or sometimes almost a small tree attaining 

 8 — 10 feet, with long over-hanging branches marked with 

 fine long fissures. Often somewhat tufted, or losing all 

 character in hedges. Wood brilliant yellow. Fruit acid. 

 Buds obtuse. The spines may be occasionally single or 

 divided into seven. 



+t Spines not pulvinar nor representing le^ives, 

 neither with buds nor shoots in the axils, 

 and neither triple nor branched. 



[For(oo) ® iSpines on the mai'gins of true leaves, as 



see p. 237.] spinescent teeth, or themselves subulate leaves. 



Ecergreen shrubs. 



n Spines on the margins of the leaflets of 

 a pinnate glossy leaf. 



Berheris Aijuifolium, Pursh. Mahonia. Evergreen 

 bush about 3 — 4 feet high, in all essentials except the 



