FUNGOID PESTS 



like sporules consisting of a chain of six cells. The disease is very prevalent 

 on wild Roses and Brambles, and is difficult to eradicate. 



All diseased leaves should be collected and burned. Where the disease 

 has existed the sulphate of copper solution may be used to drench the 

 bushes and the surrounding ground. Spraying with " liver of sulphur " 

 (potassium sulphide) should be done when the leaves are half grown, and 

 repeated at intervals. 



II. DISEASES OF ORCHARD AND FRUIT GARDEN. 



We will next mention a few of the more common Fungoid Pests to be 

 found in the Orchard and Fruit Garden, and for convenience of reference 

 will place them in alphabetical order, without regard to any scientific classi- 

 fication. 



Apple-leaf Spot, Septoria pyricola, occurs on the upper surface of the 

 leaves of Apple and Pear. The substance of the leaf within the spot is 

 killed by the mycelium and bleached, and the surface is dotted with minute 

 black points. Each point is a tiny receptacle with a minute pore at the 

 apex, out of which the fungus spores issue and spread themselves over the 

 leaf. 



Apple-tree White Mould, Oidium farinosum, covers the young twigs and 

 leaves of Apple trees with a mealy coating, causing the leaves to curl, and 

 distorting the tender twigs, at the same time giving them the appearance 

 of having been dusted with flour or powdered chalk. Fertile branches arise 

 from the profuse mycelium, and give a continuous crop of conidia, causing 

 the disease to rapidly spread. Dusting with "flowers of sulphur" is the 

 most effectual treatment. 



Apple-tree Canker, Nectria ditissima, is the most frequent and destructive 



form of canker attacking Apple trees in this country. The fungus gains 



admission to the living tissues through a wound, and then spreads rapidly 



in the living bark, which becomes eaten away in patches, leaving the wood 



exposed, and in very young branches even the wood itself may be destroyed. 



lxv 



