URTICACE.^ 



WINGED ELM, Uhms alata. 



Parks, gardens. March, April. The curious ridge-like corky excres- 

 cence on the branches makes this one of the most distinct and conspicuous 

 of hard-wooded trees. The species of Ulmus are propagated by suckers, 

 October or November ; layering of shoots, September or October ; seeds 

 gathered as soon as ripe and sown in light soil in shady position outdoors. 



Floweis reddish, in a few-flowered fascicle, pedicels drooping; Perianth 

 5-lobed, lobes obovate, glabrous ; Ovary hoary tomentose, raised on short 

 slender stipe ; Fruit a samara, oblong, I in. long, hirsute, tipped with in- 

 curved awns, wing narrow. 



Leaves alternate, ovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, unequal at base, acute 

 or acuminate, coarsely doubly serrate, firm or sub-coriaceous, glabrous and 

 dark green above, pale and soft pubescent below, 12^-2^ ins. long ; petioles 

 pubescent, stipules linear-obovate, thin, scarious. 



A deciduous tree, 30-40 ft. ; Branches erect ; branchlets glabrous or 

 puberulous, often with 2 thin corky wings, reddish-brown to ashy-grey ; 

 Baj-k with shallow fissures, light brown tinged with red ; Buds slender, 

 acute, scales glabrous or slightly puberulous ; Wood heavy, hard, not strong, 

 close-grained, not easily split, light brown. 



Introduced from N. America, 1820. Specific name from L. ala, a wing. 

 Known in America as the ^^'^ahoo. 



AMERICAN OR WHITE ELM, Uhms americana. 



Parks, gardens. INIarch, April. Best in moist loamy soil. 



Flowers greenish-red, appearing before leaves, in a 3-4-flowered cyviose 



fascicle, pedicels slender, drooping; Perianth 7-9-lobed, ciliate ; Stamens 5-6, 



anthers bright red ; Ovary light green, ciliate with white hairs, styles light 



green ; Fi-uit a samara, ovate to obovate-oblong, ciliate, 1 in. long, wing 



broad. 



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