CUPULIFER^ 



{Hybei-nia defoliaria), and Oak Beauty {Amphidasiis stratmia) ; Timber by 

 Goat-moth [Cossus Ugniperda) and Wood Leopard Moth {Zeuzera cesculi). 



Fungoid Pcsfs: — Birch-leaf Rust {Melamsp07-a betulina), Birch-leaf Blotch 

 {DotJiideUa betulina), Birch Polypore {Pohjporus betulinus). 



CHERRY BIRCH, Betula knta. 



Parks, gardens. May, June. Best on a dry soil and in a moderately 

 sheltered situation. 



Floiveis monoecious, aromatic ; 3Iah' catkins 3-4 ins, long, scales ovate, 

 reddish-brown ; Females |^-| in. long, scales ovate, pale green, smooth, styles 

 light pink, stigmas persistent ; Fruiting cone oblong-ovoid, sessile, erect, 

 glabrous, 1-1^ in. long, samara obovate, pointed at base. 



Leaves alternate, ovate, cordate or rounded at base, 2^-0 ins. long, lJ-3 

 ins. wide, serrated, acute or acuminate, silky pubescence when young, thin, 

 membranaceous, aromatic, dark dull green above, paler beneath, 9-11 pairs 

 of prominent veins, petiolate ; stipules ovate, acute, scarious, ciliate. Autumn 

 tint yellow. 



A deciduous tree, GO 80 ft. ; By'anches slender, spreading, pendulous at 

 extremities ; Tivigs viscid, pilose, light green to orange-brown, afterwards brown 

 tinged red ; Bark dark reddish-brown, furrowed, thick irregular plates ; young 

 stems and branches smooth, aromatic, sweet ; Buds ovate, acute, scales brown, 

 loosely imbricated ; Wood heavy, strong, hard, close-grained, dark brown tinged 

 red ; sometimes called Mountain Mahogany and American Birchwood ; used 

 for furniture and turnery. 



Introduced from N. America, 1759. Known as Black Birch. 



YELLOW BIRCH, Betula lutea. 



Parks, gardens. May. Best in cold latitudes and moist position ; thrives 

 well near London. 



Flowers monoecious; ]\[ale catkins 8-3 ^ ins. long, scales ovate, brown, 



151 " N 3 



