TREES AND SHRUBS 



Stamens 2 or many ; Stjilcs usually short or obsolete, stigmas 2-4, often 2-lobed ; 

 Fruit a capsule, 1 -celled, 2-4-valved ; seeds furnished with an arillus of 

 silky hairs. 



WHITE WILLOW, SalLv alba. 



Marshes, moist woods and meadows, and banks of streams. April, May. 

 The Willows are propagated by cuttings, 9-15 ins. long, inserted for two-thirds 

 their length in moist soil, October — March ; choice kinds may be budded on 

 the Goat Willow in July, or grafted on the same in March. 



Flowers dioecious, appearing with leaves ; Catkins erect, sub-sessile, on short, 

 leafy laterals of preceding year's shoots ; Males l|-2 ins. long, l-\ in. diam., 

 cylindrical, lax, often curved ; Stamens 2, free, hairy, anthers yellow, scales 

 greenish-yellow, white-silky above, glands 2 ; Females 2-2^ ins. long, {-^ 

 in. diam. ; Ova?'ij almost sessile, smooth, style short, stigmas short, deeply 

 bifid, recurved, glands 1 or 2 ; Fruit a capsule, ovoid-conic, sessile or sub-sessile, 

 glabrous, pedicel shorter than gland. 



Leaves alternate, elliptical-lanceolate, finely serrated, lower serratures 

 glandular, acuminate, tapering at base, densely silky when young, glabrous 

 when old, ashy-grey or whitish, never bright green, 2-4 ins. long ; petioles short, 

 glandular ; stipules minute, ovate-lanceolate, pubescent, caducous. Autumn 

 tints yellow and brown. 



A deciduous tree, 60-80 ft. ; Trunk up to 20 ft. girth ; Bark thick, deeply 

 fissured ; Young twigs slender, supple, not easily detached, silky pubescence 

 at tips, polished, olive-brown, purplish, or yellow ; older twigs orange ; Buds 

 silky, Hattened, small ; Wood light, tough, easily worked ; much used for cricket- 

 bats ; well adapted for a variety of wright-work ; used especially for poles ; much 

 attacked by larva of Goat Moth. 



Native of Britain ; one form called Huntingdon Willow ; specimen at 

 Haverholme Priory pi-obably 1000 years old. Name Willow from A.S. icelig, 

 wilig, pliancy, willingness. 



"Rosette" Galls (found on several species of AVillow), consisting of 30-60 



aborted leaves, produced by larva of Cecidomi/ia rosaria. 



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