TREES AND SHRUBS 



purple or olive-brown, pubescent, scales narrowed towards base, bracts spathulate, 

 recurved, pale green; seeds \ in. long, pale red-brown, wings about as long 

 as seeds. 



Leaves crowded in several rows, two ranked on lower side of branches, 

 others incurved; on sterile branches 1-1 i in. long, flat, rounded, notched at 

 apex ; on fertile branches usually 4-sided, acuminate, two glaucous bands 

 beneath. 



An evergreen tree, 80-90 ft. ; Branches short, rigid, laterals at right angles ; 

 branchlets slender, reddish-brown ; Bark 1-2 ins. thick, fissured, scaly, red- 

 brown ; Buds ovoid-oblong, red-brown ; Wood hard, light, strong, close-grained, 

 pale brown streaked red ; sapwood darker. 



Native of N. America, where it attains lieight of 150-250 ft.; intro- 

 duced 1831. 



NORDMANN'S SILVER FIR, Abies nordmanniana. 



Parks, gardens. April, May. Prefers deep, heavy, rich loam on clay or 

 rock. It is one of the finest and most valuable of the genus, scarcely to be 

 surpassed as a park or lawn tree. 



Floxvers monoecious ; Males in groups or clusters, generally pendent, abundant 

 on old trees ; Females generally solitary, erect, produced on young trees some 

 years before males appear ; Fruit a cone, erect, slightly ovoid, pedunculate, 4-6 

 ins. long, 2J-2| ins. diam., scales obtuse, recurved, smooth, entire, deciduous, 

 bracts large, coriaceous, 3-lobed, greatly exceeding scales ; seeds triangular, about 

 IGO, 2 under each scale, wings membranous. 



Leaves single, arranged spirally on shoots, on yoimg trees spreading in 

 2 rows, with half-twist at base, linear, rigid, flat, minutely bifid at apex, dark 

 shining green above, silvery beneath, 1 in. long. 



An evergreen tree, 80-100 ft.; resembling Silver Fir; Branches wliorled, 

 lower ones horizontal, upper erect ; Wood hard, closed-grained, durable. 



Named after I'rofessor Nordmann, who discovered the species in the Crimea, 



1848. 



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