TREES AND SHRUBS 



SWISS STONE PINE, Pinus Cembra. 



Parks, gardens. May. Best in a deep, rich loam on a porous subsoil. 



Floivers monoecious ; Male catkins sessile, ellipsoid, | in. long ; Stamens 

 bright yellow, anthers reddish-violet; Females long-ovoid, violet, ovuliferous 

 scales ovate, closely imbricated ; Fruit a cone, ovate, obtuse, erect, violet when 

 young, brown Avhen old, 3-4 ins. long, 2-2^ ins. diam., scales smooth, broad 

 obtuse spine ; seeds nut-hke, edible, wingless, i in. long, ripening in November 

 of second year. 



Leaves usually in clusters of 5, sometimes 4 or 6, slender, flexible, triquetrous, 

 3-ribbed, one rib shining green, the other 2 white opaque, edges rough, sharp- 

 pointed, 2-5 ins. long, sheaths small, deciduous. 



An evergreen tree, 50 ft. ; erect, blunt, pyramidal, slow of growth ; Branches 

 from base to summit, short, erect, shoots pubescent ; Bark grey-brown, fissured, 

 scaly ; Buds globose, long narrow point, whitish, within resin ; Wood soft, fine- 

 grained, fragrant, resinous ; much used in manufacture of Swiss toys. 



Native of mountains of S. Europe. Known also as Arolla. First planted by 

 Duke of Argyll, 174G ; seeds introduced by Lawson, 1828. 



BHOTAN PINE, Pinus excelsa. 



Parks, gardens. May. Best on light gravelly loam, well drained. 



Floivers monoecious ; Blale catkins narrow-cylindrical, 1 in. long, dense 

 clusters ; Fruit a cone, in pairs, or whorls of 4, rarely solitary, conoid-cylindrical, 

 obtuse, curved, smooth, erect at first, purple or violet-rose, afterwards pendulous 

 and dull green, foot-stalk nearly 1 in. long, cone 6-9 ins. long, 2^ ins. broad at base, 

 slightly recurved, rich bronze when ripe, lunipe cones glaucous, full of turpen- 

 tine and resin, scales wedge-shaped, loosely imbricated, thin, l-2i ins. long ; 

 seeds small, ovate, wing obliquely truncate, Ij in. long, ripe in October or 

 November of second year. 



Leaves in fives, slender, flexible, drooping, triquetrous, rough edges, glaucous 



on inner side, bluish-green and convex on outer, 4-8 ins. long. 



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