174 CLEFT-GRAFTING. 



they will flower again and again during the 

 summer : if Summer Koses they will flower but 

 once, but they will make strong shoots and 

 establish themselves for another season ; if a 

 forcing-house is used instead of a hotbed frame, 

 they must be plunged in the same materials, as 

 this keeps the clay moist, and generally ensures 

 success. If convenient, grafting- wax, made as fol- 

 lows, may be used in lieu of clay : 1 Ib. Burgundy 

 pitch, Ib. common pitch, 2 oz. bees'-wax, and 

 J oz. mutton fat, melted, and put on with a brush 

 while warm. 



In cleft-grafting, the first operation is to cut off 

 your stock to the height required, with a clean 

 horizontal cut, taking care to make this just above 

 a bud: opposite to this bud, cleave your stock, 

 making the cleft about an inch long : and avoid, 

 if possible, cleaving through the stock. Your 

 graft, or scion, for both terms are employed, may 

 be from three to four inches long ; having from 

 three to four buds on it; cut one inch of the 

 lower end of your graft to the exact form of a 

 wedge, then pare off one side of the wedge very 

 thin, leaving a bud, if possible, on the thick 

 side ; open the cleft with the point of your knife, 

 or the flattened haft of a budding-knife, and 

 insert the thin side of your one-sided wedge, till 

 the barks of both stock and graft are perfectly 

 even ; bind with a piece of cotton twist or 

 worsted; cover the side of the stock in which 



