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the sylvicultural peculiarities and requirements 

 of the timber species, and most of them have 

 disappeared from the forest. Damage due to 

 deer-browsing, which to-day chiefly causes the 

 weakening and disappearance of so many foreign 

 trees, was no doubt then also the chief reason 

 of the backwardness and killing of foreign trees, 

 while indigenous trees were scarcely or not 

 touched at all. 



From that time nothing was done for about 

 a century, but the few remnants which managed 

 to hold their own in parks protected from deer 

 have become important objects for the study of 

 the American tree species in Germany. There 

 is certain proof that the trees from the colder 

 part of East America are capable of being grown 

 in Germany, that they correspond, from the 

 forest point of view, to their new requirements 

 as in the end they reach tree dimensions in not 

 longer periods than do native German species. 



The desire to have timber species which in 

 their soil requirements were more modest, or 

 which were more frost-hardy, than the indigenous 

 species, as also the desire to cultivate something 

 rare and foreign which perhaps would yield a 

 more valuable timber than the indigenous trees, 

 caused attention to be turned to new experi- 

 ments. And the steady, rapid increase of im- 

 portations of American timber, which came into 



