CATARACTS AND INUNDATIONS. 23 



Servia, and Wallachia from Bulgaria, discharging itself into the 

 Euxine or Black Sea, by several channels, about 45 north latitude 

 and 29 east longitude, with such violence, that its waters are dis- 

 tinguishable for several miles from those of the sea into which they 

 are precipitated. It is said to receive sixty navigable rivers in its 

 coarse, and an equal number of smaller streams. From Buda, in 

 the centre of Hungary, to Belgrade, on the northern confine of Ser- 

 via, it is so deep, as well as broad, that in the wars between the 

 Christians and the Turks, each power has had fleets upon it, and 

 frequent naval engagements have taken place ; farther down it is 

 rendered unnavigahie by its many cataracts, so (bat all commerce 

 with the Black Sea by means of this great river is rendered imprac- 

 ticable. 



Ot all the parts of Europe, Swisserland is the country in which 

 the greatest number of rivers take their rise. The principal are the 

 RHIME, a name given by the Swiss to streams and rivers in general: 

 its sources are in the country of the Grisoiis, and are divided into the 



* ' * 



Anterior, the Middle, and Hinter, or Hinder, The Anterior or 

 Upper Rhine issues irom a small lake on a mountain commonly 

 called the Oberaip, a:id by some Cima de Baduz. The source of 

 the Middle Rhine ties in Luckmanier, a part of the Adula chain, and, 

 after a course oi about eighteen miles, joins the Anterior Rhine. 

 The Hinder Rhine rises about nine miles distance, in a mountain 

 called by ihe Italians Monte del Qccelo, or Bird's-hill. The Rhine 

 is first formed by a water which issues out of two rocks of ice on the 

 Furku chain, and precipitates itself with a thundering noise between 

 two rocks of an asto-iishirig height, \\hich receiving several rivulets 

 in its course, runs into the lake of Geneva, and re-issuing from it, 

 traverses the vicinity of that ciiy, and after watering a small part 

 of Savoy, enters France. The Russ or Reufs is an adjoining river 

 which issues from the Lake Luzmdra, on the mount St. Gotthard, 

 and having joined two rivulets, precipitates itself through a deep and 

 narrow valley down several rocks; but at length becomes more 

 gentle and then falls into the lake at the Four Forest Towns ; but at 

 Lucerne again makes its appearance under its former name, and soon 

 after receives the Lesser Emmat, or Ernmen, which rises in the 

 mountains, and at last discharges itself into the Aar, Aren. This last 

 river, which proceeds from the mountain of Grimscl, at length falls 



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