36 SPRINGS, RIVERS, CANALS, LAKES, 



west side of Yorkshire, and chiefly runs to the south-east. The 

 Dun, or Don, rises in the hills near the south-west end of York- 

 shire, where it is called the Sheaf, and running to the southward till 

 it has reached Sheffield, turns to the north-east, and falls into the 

 Ouse. The Calder has its source in the edge of Lancashire, and 

 entering the south-west side of Yorkshire, runs eastward, and joins 

 the river Awe. The Aire has its spring at the foot of a high hill, 

 called Pennigent, running slowly, and chiefly to the eastward, dis- 

 charges itself into the Ouse. The Wharse, or Wherse, rises among 

 the hills in the west of Yorkshire, and runs with a swift and impe- 

 tuous current, mostly to the south-east, till it falls into the Ouse. 

 The Swale rises among the north-west hills of Yorkshire, and run. 

 ning chiefly to the south east, joins the Nidd, about four miles 

 below Borough-bridge. The Derwent, which divides the north and 

 east ridings, rises in the north-east of Yorkshire, near the sea-coast, 

 between Whitby and Scarborough, and first runs to the south, then 

 winds to the west, and again to the south, falling at length, like the 

 . preceding, into the Ouse. The Hull has its source in the Woulds, 

 whence it runs mostly to the southward, passing near Beverley, and 

 falls into the Humber ; all these afford abundance of fishes, parti- 

 cularly salmon, trout, and craw-fish. Into each of these rivers a 

 great number of rivulets discharge themselves. 



The Humber is formed at the confluence of the Ouse, and may 

 rather be considered as a narrow bay than a river, being throughout 

 its short course extremely wide. Its whole extent, quite to Spurn- 

 head, a narrow peninsular which terminates Yorkshire to the south- 

 eastward, is not ,iore than thirty-six miles. Yorkshire partakes of 

 the advantage derived from that great modern improvement, navi- 

 gable canals. A communication has been obtained between the 

 western and eastern coasts, across Lancashire and Yorkshire, by 

 means of a canal, proceeding from the river Mersey, at Liverpool, 

 to the Ouse, at Selby, about sixteen miles above its junction with 

 the Humber; the canal is not yet fully completed according to the 

 original plan, but it has been long rendered navigable across the 

 county of York, from Holme-bridge, four miles north-west of 

 Skipton, to the Ouse, passing by Leeds; and by act of parliament 

 the proprietors are enabled to borrow additional sums of money for 

 the purpose of completing the design. From this canal a branch is 

 formed, about three miles in extent, to Bradford. Another of small 



