SPRINGS, RIVERS, CANALS, LAKES, 



an inconsiderable ostrog, or town, called Natcheekin, distant 

 thirty-eight versts, or twenty-five miles, from Karatchin. H says 

 a steam rises from it as from a boiling cauldron, and the air round 

 it has a strong sulphureous smell. The main spring forms a bason 

 of about three feet in diameter, beside which there are a number 

 of lesser springs, of the same degree of heat, in the adjacent 

 ground, so that the whole spot, to the extent of near an acre, was 

 so hot, that it was impossible to stand two minutes in the same 

 place. The bath was reported to have performed great cures in 

 various disorders. In the bathing place the thermometer stood at 

 100, or above blood-heat; but in spring, after being immersed two 

 minutes, it was one degree above boiling spirits ; the thermometer 

 in the air at the same time was 34. A variety of plants were seen 

 to grow about this spring with great luxuriance. 



The BATHS of CALYPSO, in Asia Minor, are a little more than 

 a mile from the city of Bursa, and form very handsome structures 

 covered with domes ; they are so famous for the cures which they 

 have effected in different diseases, that people come an hundred 

 miles to receive the benefit of them. 



In Canstantina, the eastern province of Algiers, near the city of 

 this name, which in ancient times was called CIRTA, and is now 

 the capital of the province, we meet with a group called the 

 INCH ANT ED BATHS, situated on a low ground, surrounded with 

 mountains. There are here several springs of an intense heat, and 

 at a small distance are others extremely cold. The hot springs 

 have a strong sulphureous steam ; and Dr. Shaw observes, thpt the 

 heat is so great as to boil a large piece of mutton very tender in a 

 quarter of an hour, and that the rocky ground over which the 

 water runs, is, for a space of an hundred feet, reduced to a state of 

 calcination by the operation of this water in its course. He adds, 

 that these rocks being originally soft and uniform, the water, by 

 making equal impressions every way, leaves them in the shape of 

 cones and hemispheres, which being six feet high, and nearly of the 

 raine diameter, the Arabs believe to be the tents of their predeces- 

 sors metamorphosed into stone. And where these rocks, intermixed 

 with their usual chalky substance, contain some layers of a harder 

 matter, not so easily dissolve^ there appears a confusion of traces 

 and channels, forming figures which the Arabs distinguish into 

 camels, horses, and sheep, with men, women, ajul children, whom 



