14 ON SYSTEMS AND CLASSIFICATIONS. 



y, Stiematostemon, when they are inserted in the stigma. 



8. C?ypto->iemon. 

 The orders he lias taxfii from the differences in the fruit; but as 

 some classes were too large, he was obliged to take his subdivisions 

 from other parts of the flower. 



Haller endeavoured, very ingeniously, to frame a natural system 

 on the cotyledons, the calyx, the corol, the stamens, and the sexes 

 of plants. His classes, of which he afterwards found it necessary 

 to make some little alteration, are the following : 

 1 Fungi. 9. Diplostemones. 



2. MusH, 10. Isostemones. 



3. Epiphyllospermae. 11. Mejoslemones. 



4. Apetaiae. 12. Staminibus sesquialteris* 



5. Gramina. 13. sesquitertiis. 



6. Oraminlbos affinia. 14. quatuor. Ringentes. 



7- Monocotyledones. Petaloideae. 15. Congregatae. 



8. Polystemones. 



To the third class belong all the Filices. To the seventh all the 

 Lilies : in the eighth class stand all those plants whose filaments 

 exceed in number the segments or petals of the corol three or four 

 times. To the ninth class belong all those plants which have twice 

 as many filaments as there are segments or petals in the corol. 

 To the tenth belong those that have the same number of 

 filaments as there are segments or petals in the corol. In 

 the eleventh class are included all those plants whose filaments 

 arc fewer in number than the segments or petals of the corolla. 

 To the twelfth belong all the cruciform plants ; to the thirteenth, 

 all the papilionaceous: and to the fourteenth, the ringent or labi- 

 ated flowers with four stamens. The last class contains all the 

 compound flowers. The orders in this system are taken from all 

 parts of the flower and of the fruit. 



Royen and Wachendorf have constructed similar systems, the 

 first of which deserves the preference. But all these systems are 

 attended with difficulty, on account of the various parts of plants 

 which we must have constantly in view, and the great number of 

 subdivisions which they necessarily require. 



Linnaeus, in his System, has fixed upon the stamina as the foun- 

 dation of his divisions. 



1. Monandria, 3. Triandria, 



2. Diandria, 4. Tetrandria, 



