TURPENTINE, ROSIN, PITCH, &C. 177 



sesses in a very high degree. Formerly turpentine was much used 

 as a digestive application to ulcers, &c. but in the modern practice 

 of surgery it is almost wholly exploded. 



[Pantologza. 



SECTION XIII. 



Canadian Balsam Tree. 

 Pinus balsamea. Linn. 



Carpathian, or Hungarian Balsam* 

 Pinus lembra. Linn. 

 These we have already noticed in the preceding section, as the 

 resinous juice, or liquid turpentines of the balm of gilead fir, and 

 the stone pine. The former is mostly in use, and from being less 

 offensive to the stomach, may often with great benefit supersede the 

 use of the balsam of Copaiva. It is transparent, of a light amber 

 colour, and tolerably firm consistence. It is imported into our own 

 country from Canada, whence its name. 



[Editor. 



section XIV. 



Balsam of Peru Tree. 

 Myroxylon Peruiferum. Linn. 



Of this genus there are three species, and all natives of South 

 America. The chief is that before us. It is a native of Peru, 

 Brazil, Mexico, and Terra Firma, with a smooth thick, resinous 

 bark, and leaves abruptly pinnate, in double pairs. This tree was 

 not botanically characterised till the year 1781, when a specimen of it 

 was sent by Mutis, from Terra Firma, to the younger Linnaeus, who 

 has described it in the Supplementum Plantarum, under the name 

 of Myroxylon peruiferum. Its synonyms are Hoitziloxitl, and 

 Cabureiba*. 



Two kinds of this balsam are imported here ; the common or 

 black, and the white. The first, which is chiefly used, is about the 

 consistence of a syrup, of a dark opake reddish brown colour, in. 



* Hernand. Thes. Rer. Med. Nov. Hisp. Pis. Ind, Hist. Nat. et Mes. 

 VOL. V. N 



