CLASSIFICATION OP ANIMALS. 331 



toral fins. This order comprehends nineteen genera, viz. cepola, 

 echeneis, corvphjena, gobius, cottus, scorphaena, zeus, pleuronectes, 

 chsetodon, sparus, scarus, labrus, sciacna, perca, gasterosteus, scom. 

 ber, centrogaster, mullus, trigla. 



Order 4. The abdominal have the belly fins placed behind the 

 pectoral fins. This order contains sixteen genera, viz. cobitis, amia, 

 silurus, teuthis, loricaria, salmo, fistularia, esox, elops, argentini, 

 atfaerina, mugil, exocaetus, polynemus, clupea, cyprinus. 



Order 5. The branchiostegous have the gills destitute of bony 

 rays. This order contains ten genera, viz. mormyrus, ostracion, 

 tetrodon, diodon,syngnathus, pegasus, centriscus, balistes, cyclopte- 

 rus, lophius. 



Order 6. The chondropterygious have cartilaginous gills. This 

 order contains five genera, viz. accipenser, chimaera, squalus, raia, 

 ptromyzon. 



The generic characters of this class are taken from peculiarities 

 in the head, the mouth, the teeth, the nostrils, the rays in the mem- 

 brane of the gills, the eyes, the general figure of the body, the figure 

 of the tail, the situation of the spiracula, &c. 



The specific characters are taken from peculiarities in all the 

 parts above enumerated, and many others. 



The fifth class, Insecta, is subdivided into seven orders, the cha- 

 racters of which are taken from the wings. 



Order 1. The coleopterous have four wing?, the two superior 

 ones being crustaceous, and furnished with a straight suture. This 

 order comprehends forty-seven genera, viz. scarabaeus, lucanus, 

 dermestes, melyris, byrrhus, silpha, tritoma, hydrophilus, hister, 

 pausus, bostrichus, anthrenus, nitidula, coccinella, curculio, brentus 

 attelabus, erodius, staphylinus, scaurus, zygia, meloe, tenebrio, 

 cassida, opatrum, mordella, chrysomela, horia, apalus, manticora, 

 pimelia, gyrinus, cucujus, cryptocephalus, bruchus, ptinus, hispa, 

 buprestis, necydalis, lampyris, cantharis, notoxus, elater, caiopus, 

 alurnus, carabus, lytta, serropalpus, cerambyx, lepturs, rhinomacer, 

 zonitis, cicindela, dyticus, forficUla. 



Order 2. The hemipterous have four wings, the two superior 

 ones being semicrustaceous and incumbent, i. e. the interior edges 

 lie above one another. This order includes fourteen genera, viz. 

 blatta, pneumora, mantis, gryllus, fulgora, cicada, notonecta, nepa, 

 cimex, microcephalus, aphis, chennes, coccus, thrips. 



