GASS LIGHTS. (Jl 



a small curved tube wi(h a conical end, having three circular aper- 

 tures or perforations, of about a thirtieth of an inch in diameter, 

 one at the point of the cone, and two lateral ones, through which 

 the s^ass issues, forming three divergent jets of flames, somewhat 

 like a lleur-de lis. 'I he shape and general appearance of thif 

 tube, has pnu ured it among the workmen, the name of the cock- 

 spur burner. 



The number of burners employed in all the buildings, amounti 

 to 271 Art-ands, and 633 cockspurs ; each of the former giving 

 alight equal to that of four ondlcs of the description above, 

 mentioned ; and each of the latter, a light equal to two and a quar. 

 ter of t' same randies; making therefore the total of the gass 

 light a little more tnan equal force to that of 2500 candles When 

 thus regulated, the whole of the above burners require an 

 hourly supply of 1250 cubic feet of the gass produced from cannel 

 coal : the superior quality and quantity of the gass produced from 

 that material having Jv.-n it a decided preference in this situation, 

 over every other coal, notwithstanding its higher price. 



The time during which the gass light is used, may, upon an are- 

 ra_e of the whole year, be stated at least two hours per day of 

 twenty-four hours. Jn some mills, where there is over work, it 

 will be three hours ; and in the few where night-work is still con- 

 tinued, nearly twelve hours. But taking two hours per day as 

 the common average throughout the year, the consumption in 

 Messrs. Philips' and Lee's mill, will be 1250 X 2 2500 cubic 

 ftet of gass per day ; to produce which, seven hundred weight of 

 camifl coal is required in the retort The price of the best Wigan 

 cannel (the sort used) is 13|d. per cwt. (22s. per ton), delivered 

 at the mill, or say about eit;ht shillings for the seven hundred 

 weight. Multiplying by the number of working days in the year 

 (313), the annual consumption of cannel coal will be 1 10 ton , and 

 its cost I j5. 



About one. third of the above quantity, or say forty t >\>* of 

 good common coal, value ten shillings per ton, is req ured tor 

 fuel to he.it the retorts ; the annual amount of which -s j~2(). 



The 110 tons of cannel coal when distilled, produce about 70 

 tons of good coak, which is sold upon the spot at Is. 4d. pt r cwt. 

 and will therefore amou-it annually to the sum of 93. 



The quantity of tar produced from each ton of cannel coal it 

 from eleven to twelve ale gallons, making a total annual produce 



