PAINTING IN GLASS. 415 



For black, take sca!s of iron, one ounce j scales of copper, one 

 ounce : jt-t haif an ounce ; reduce them to powder, and mix them. 

 For hiu'-, 'ake powder of blue, one pound ; nitre, half a pound; 

 m.x them and ijriii'J tnem well together. For carnation, take red 

 chalk, eight ounces ; iron scales, and litharge of silver, of each two 

 ounces ; gum-arabic, half an ounce ; dissolve in water, grind alto, 

 gether for half an hour as stiff as you can ; then put it in a glass and 

 stir it well, and let it stand to settle fourteen days. For green, 

 take red lead, one pound ; scales of copper, one pound ; and flint, 

 five pounds ; divide them into three parts, and add to them as much 

 nitre ; pat them into a crucible, and melt them with a strong fire j 

 and when it is cold, powder it, and grind it on a porphyry. For 

 gold colour, take silver, an ounce ; an'imony, half an ounce ; melt 

 them in a crucible ; then pound the mass to powder, and grind it 

 on a copper plate ; add to it yellow ochre, or brick. dust calcined 

 again, fifteen ounces ; and grind them well together with water. 

 For purple, take minium, one pound; brown stone, one pound; 

 white flint, fire pounds ; divide them into three parts, and add to 

 them as much nitre as one of the parts ; calcine, melt, and grind it 

 as you did the green. For red, take jet, four ounces ; litharge of 

 silver, two ounces ; red chalk one ounce; powder them fine, and 

 mix them. For white, take jet, two parts ; white flint, ground on 

 a glass very fine, one part ; mix them. For yellow, take Spanish 

 brown, ten parts ; leaf-silver, one part; antimony, half a part; put 

 all into a crucible, and calcine them well. 



In all the windows of ancient churches, &c. there are to be seen 

 the most beautiful and vivid colours imaginable, which far exceed 

 any of those used by the moderns, not so much because the secret 

 of making those colours is entirely lost, as that the moderns will 

 not go to the charge of them, nor be at the necessary pains, by 

 reason that this sort of painting is not now so much in esteem aa 

 formerly. Those beautiful works, which were made in the glass, 

 houses, were of two kinds. 



In some, the colour was diffused through the whole substance 

 of the glass. In others which were far the most common, the 

 colour was only on one side, scarce penetrating within the substance 

 above one-third of a lin ; though this was more or less according 

 to the nature of the colour, the yellow beii,g always found to enter 

 the deepest. These la.'t, though not so strong and beautiful as the 

 former, were of more advantage to the workmen, by reason that 



