ARCHITECTURAL REMAINS AT MYLASA. 497 



tncan, with trees interspersed. The air is accounted bad ; and 

 scorpions abound as antiently ; entering often at the doors and 

 windows, and lurking in the rooms. The plain is surrounded by 

 lofty mountains, and cultivated ; but has long been parched and 

 bare, except some spots green with the tobacco plant, which in 

 flower is pleasing to the eye. 



Our first enquiry was for the temple, erected about twelve years 

 before the Christian aera, by the people of Mylasa, to Augustus 

 Caesar, and the Goddess of Rome ; which was standing not many 

 years ago. We were shown the basement, which remains ; and 

 were informed, the ruin had been demolished, and a new Mosque, 

 which we saw on the mountain. side, above the town, raised with 

 the marble. The house of a Turk occupying the site, we era. 

 ployed the Hungarian to treat with him for admission ; but he 

 affirmed we could see nothing ; and added, that there was his 

 harem, or the apartment of his women, which was an obstacle not 

 to be surmounted. It had six columns in front, and the whole 

 number had been twenty -two. 



On the hill, and not far from the basement of the temple, is a 

 column, of the Corinthian order, standing, with a flat-roofed cot. 

 tage, upon a piece of solid wall. It has supported a statue; and 

 on the -haft is an inscription*. " The people have erected it to 

 Menander, son of Ouliadts. son of Euthydemus, a benefactor to his 

 country, and descended from benefactors." The Turk, who lived 

 in the cottage, readily permitted a laddef to be placed on the ter 

 race for measuring the capital, which was done as expeditiously as 

 possible, but not before we were informed, that several of the 

 inhabitants murmured, because their houses were overlooked. 

 Besides this, two fluted columns, of the Ionic order, remained not 

 many yean since. 



Euthydcmus the ancestor of Menander, was contemporary with 

 Augustus Caesar. He was of an illustrious family, and possessed 

 an ample patrimony. He was eloquent, and not only great in hia 

 own country, but respected as the first person of Asia Minor. 

 His power was so advantageous to the city, that, ifit savoured of 

 tyranny, the odium was overcome by its utility. Hybreas con- 

 cluded an oration, with telling him he was a necessary evil. This 

 demagogue, who succeeded Euthydemus, had inherited only a mule 



Intcript. Ant, p, 27. 

 TOE,. VT. 2 K 



