8. 



APPENDIX I 

 SILVICULTURAL SYSTEMS 



HARVEST CUTTING. The cuts from which the final yield is derived; 

 it may be either a single i.e. clear-cut or a series of cuts to 

 produce regeneration. 



1. CLEAR-CUTTING SYSTEM. The removal of the entire growth in one 

 operation, from an area wider than two chains. It may be: 



a. Clear-cutting without seed-trees; or 



b. Clear-cutting with seed-trees. 



2. SHELTERVOOD SYSTEM. The removal of mature timber in a series 

 of two or more cuts for the purpose of obtaining natural 

 regeneration under the shelter of the residual stand by one 

 of the following methods: 



a. Uniform Shelterwood System. The opening of the canopy 

 is distributed fairly evenly over the stand. 



b. Group Shelterwood System. The opening of the canopy is 

 designed to form fairly regularly distributed gaps, which 

 are enlarged by subsequent cuttings as the group of 

 regeneration develops. 



c. Strip Shelterwood System. The cutting operations are in 

 strips normally progressing against the prevailing wind. 

 The preferred width of the strip is equal to the height 

 of the adjacent stand but not exceeding two chains. 



Under the uniform or group Shelterwood systems the sequence of 

 cuttings is as follows: 



i) Preparatory Cut. The cutting operation to fit the stand 

 and seed-bed for future regeneration (not always necessary). 



ii) Seeding Cut. The cutting operations to further open the 

 canopy to provide conditions for securing regeneration. 

 This must coincide with the seed year of those species it 

 is desirable to reproduce (in one or more cuttings). 



iii) Removal Cut. The cutting operations to remove the remain- 

 der of the mature stand normally after the establishment of 

 the regeneration (in one or more cuttings). 



3. SELECTION SYSTEM. The removal of mature trees, either as scat- 

 tered individuals or in small groups, at relatively short 

 intervals and repeated indefinitely. The objective is represen- 

 tation of all age-classes distributed throughout the stand. 



